National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration
United States Department of Commerce

Curriculum Vitae

Curriculum Vitae

Last updated: July 20, 2017

ABBREVIATED CURRICULUM VITAE

Click here for complete CV

Michael James McPhaden

NOAA/Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory
7600 Sand Point Way NE
Seattle, Washington 98115

Email: michael.j.mcphaden@noaa.gov
Phone: (206) 526-6783
Fax: (206) 526-6744

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

  • 1998-present   Senior Scientist, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, Seattle, Washington
  • 1993-present   Affiliate Professor, School of Oceanography, University of Washington
  • 1992-present   Director, Tropical Atmosphere Ocean (TAO) Array Project Office,
    Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, Seattle, Washington
  • 1990-present   Senior Fellow, Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean, University of Washington
  • 1990-1993   Affiliate Associate Professor, School of Oceanography, University of Washington
  • 1988-1990   Affiliate Assistant Professor, School of Oceanography, University of Washington
  • 1987-present   Senior Fellow, Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, University of Hawaii
  • 1986-1998   Oceanographer (various ranks), Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, Seattle, Washington
  • 1984-1986   Research Assistant Professor, School of Oceanography, University of Washington
  • 1982-1984   Visiting Research Scientist, Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean, University of Washington
  • 1980-1982   Research Scientist, Oceanography Section, National Center for Atmospheric Research

EDUCATION

  • 1980   Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Ph.D., Physical Oceanography; Dissertation title: “Models of the Equatorial Ocean Circulation”
  • 1973   State University of New York at Buffalo, B.S., Physics, magna cum laude

HONORS, AWARDS, and CITATIONS

  • Editors' Citation for Excellence in Refereeing, Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 2016
  • Sverdrup Medal, American Meteorological Society, 2015
  • Fellow, American Geophysical Union, 2014
  • Priestley Lecture, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia, 2012
  • Fridtjof Nansen Medal, European Geosciences Union, 2010
  • Fellow, American Meteorological Society, 2007
  • Guest Professor, Ocean University of China, 2006
  • Fellow, The Oceanography Society, 2005
  • Scientific American “Science & Technology Web Awards” for El Niño Theme Page, 2005
  • Presidential Rank Award for Meritorious Federal Service, 2004
  • Listed in Thomson ISI Highly Cited Researchers in Geosciences, 2004
  • Grace Hopper Government Technology Award (“Gracie Award”), given to the TAO project for Leadership in the Innovative Application of Information Technology, 2003
  • American Geophysical Union, Frontiers of Geophysics Lecturer, 2002 Western Pacific Geophysics Meeting
  • American Meteorological Society, Walter Orr Roberts Lecturer, 2002
  • Public Service Award, Federal Executive Board, Seattle, 1999
  • American Meteorological Society, Special Award for Completing and Maintaining the TAO Array, 1999
  • American Geophysical Union, Sverdrup Lecturer, Fall 1998 Meeting
  • Department of Commerce, Gold Medal, 1997
  • Editor's Citation for Excellence in Refereeing, Journal of Geophysical Research, 1995
  • NOAA/OAR Outstanding Publication Award, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2004
  • NOAA/PMEL Outstanding Publication Award, 1989-1993, 1995, 1997, 1998, 2007

PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES

  • The Oceanography Society, 1988-present
  • American Geophysical Union, 1979-present
  • The American Meteorological Society, 1978-present
  • The European Geosciences Union, 2005-present

RECENT PROFESSIONAL SERVICE ACTIVITIES

  • Member, Scientific Organizing Committee, Fourth International ENSO Conference, Guayaquil, Ecuador, 2018
  • US IIOE-2 Workshop Organizing Committee, La Jolla, CA, 2017
  • Oceanographic Research Awards Committee, American Meteorological Society, 2017
  • The Oceanography Society Fellows Evaluation Committee, 2017
  • Member, AGU Bowie Medal Committee, 2015-17
  • Member, Committee on Researcher Involvement in the AMS, 2015-present
  • Member, U.S. CLIVAR ENSO Diversity Task Team, 2015-present
  • Vice-Chair, AGU Development Board, 2015-17
  • Chair, AGU Ethics Committee, 2015-17
  • Member, Scientific Organizing Committee, International CLIVAR ENSO Workshop, Paris, France 2015
  • Member, Scientific Organizing Committee, International Workshop on ENSO Extremes, Sydney, Australia, 2015
  • Member, Science Planning Committee, International Symposium on the Indian Ocean, Goa, India, 2015
  • Convenor, AMS Annual Meeting Special Session on ENSO, Tropical Ocean -Atmosphere Interactions, and Global Climatic Impacts: 20 Years after TOGA, 2015
  • Member, RAPID-AMOC Program Advisory Committee, 2014-present
  • Member, Scientific Organizing Committee, Third International ENSO Conference, Guayaquil, Ecuador, 2014
  • Convenor, AGU Fall Meeting Special Session on the 30th Anniversary of the 1982-83 El Niño, 2013
  • Chairman, Scientific Organizing Committee, Tropical Atlantic Climate Variability Conference, Venice, Italy, 2013
  • President, American Geophysical Union, 2010-2012 (President-elect 2008-2010; Past President 2012-14)
  • Member, Review Committee, University of Maryland Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, 2011
  • Member, IUGG Nominations Committee, 2010-2011
  • Member, International Scientific Advisory Committee, Centro Internacional para la Investigacion del Fenomeno de El Niño (CIIFEN), 2010-present
  • Member, National Academy of Science Advisory Panel on National Security Implications of Climate Change for U.S. Naval Forces, 2009-11
  • Member, MIT/WHOI Joint Program Review Committee, 2009
  • Member, RAPID-WATCH Program Advisory Committee, 2008-2014
  • Contributing author, IPCC Fourth Assessment Report, 2007
  • Convener, IUGG Symposium on Interannual to Interdecadal Climate Variability, 2007
  • Member, RAPID (Rapid Climate Change) Review Committee, February 2007
  • Member, Review Committee, WHOI/NOAA Cooperative Institute for Climate and Ocean Research (CICOR), June 2005
  • Member, IOC/WMO Joint Commission on Oceanography and Marine Meteorology, Observations Coordination Group, 2001-present
  • Member, International CLIVAR Global Synthesis and Observations Panel, 2004-present
  • Member, International CLIVAR Indian Ocean Panel, 2003-present
  • Member, International CLIVAR Pacific Ocean Panel, 2001-present
  • Chairman, Tropical Moored Buoy Implementation Panel, 2001-present
  • Member, International CLIVAR/OOPC OceanSITES Working Group, 2001-present
  • Editorial Board, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2001-present
  • Member, PIRATA Steering Group, 1995-present

RECENT REFEREED PUBLICATIONS

Chen, G., W. Han, Y. Li, M.J. McPhaden, J. Chen, W. Wang, and D. Wang, 2017: Strong Intraseasonal Variability of Meridional Currents near 5ºN in the Eastern Indian Ocean: Characteristics and Causes. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 47, 979-998.

Cuypers, Y., P. Bouruet-Aubertot, J. Vialard, and M.J. McPhaden, 2017: Focusing of internal tides by near-inertial waves, Geophys. Res. Lett., 44, doi:10.1002/2017GL072625.

Dong, L. and M.J. McPhaden, 2017: Why has the relationship between Indian and Pacific Ocean decadal variability changed in recent decades? J. Climate, 30, 1971-1983.

Dong, L. and M.J. McPhaden, 2017: The role of external forcing and internal variability in regulating global mean surface temperatures on decadal timescales. Environ, Res. Lett., 12, 034011. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa5dd8.

Khodri, M., T. Izumo, J. Vialard, C. Cassou, M. Lengaigne, J. Mignot, E. Guilyardi, N. Lebas, Y. Ruprich-Robert, A. Robock, and M.J. McPhaden, 2017. How tropical explosive volcanic eruptions trigger El Niño events by cooling tropical Africa.  Nature Comm., in press.

Levine, A.F.Z., M.J. McPhaden, and D.M.W. Frierson, 2017: The impact of the AMO on multidecadal ENSO variability. Geophys. Res. Lett., 44, doi:10.1002/2017GL072524.

Lübbecke, J.F., and M.J. McPhaden, 2017: Symmetry of the Atlantic Niño mode, Geophys. Res. Lett., 44, 965-973, doi:10.1002/2016GL071829.

McGregor, S., A. Sen Gupta, D. Dommenget, T. Lee, M.J. McPhaden, and W.S. Kessler, 2017: Factors influencing the skill of synthesized satellite wind products in the tropical Pacific. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 122, doi:10.1002/2016JC012340.

Wang, G., W. Cai, L. Wu, A. Santoso, and M.J. McPhaden, 2017: A safer world under the Paris Agreement, but risk of more frequent climate extremes.  Nature Climate Change, in press.

Wang, Y. and M.J. McPhaden, 2017: Seasonal Cycle of Cross-Equatorial Flow in the Central Indian Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 122, doi:10.1002/2016JC012537.

Dong, L. and M.J. McPhaden, 2016: Interhemispheric SST gradient trends in the Indian Ocean prior to and during the recent global warming hiatus. J. Climate, 29, 9077-9095.

Guan, C. and M.J. McPhaden, 2016: Ocean processes affecting the 21st century shift in ENSO SST variability. J. Climate, 29, 6861-6879.

Levine, A.F.Z., F.F. Jin, M.J. McPhaden, 2016: Extreme Noise-Extreme El Niño:  How State-Dependent Noise Forcing Creates El Niño-La Niña Asymmetry.  J. Climate, 29, 5483-5499. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0091.1

Levine, A.F.Z., and M.J. McPhaden, 2016: How the July 2014 Easterly Wind Burst Gave the 2015-6 El Niño a Head Start.  Geophys. Res. Lett., 43, 6503-6510. DOI:10.1002/2016GL069204.

Nagura, M. and M.J. McPhaden, 2016: Zonal propagation of near surface zonal currents in relation to surface wind forcing in the equatorial Indian Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 46, 3623-3638.

Puy, M., J. Vialard, M. Lengaigne, E. Guilyardi, A. Voldoire, M. Balmaseda, G. Madec, C. Menkes, and M.J. McPhaden, 2016: 2015 vs. 2014: The El Niño lottery? Nature Comm., submitted.

Sutton, A.J., C.L. Sabine, R.A. Feely, W.-J. Cai, M.F. Cronin, M.J. McPhaden, J.M. Morell, J.A. Newton, J.-H. Noh, S.R. Ólafsdóttir, J.E. Salisbury, U. Send, D.C. Vandemark, 2016: Using present-day observations to detect when anthropogenic change forces surface ocean carbonate chemistry outside pre-industrial bounds.  Biogeosci., in press.

Wenegrat, J.O. and M.J. McPhaden, 2016: A simple analytical model of the diurnal Ekman layer. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 46, 2877-2894.

Wenegrat, J.O. and M.J. McPhaden, 2016: Wind, waves, and fronts: Frictional effects in a generalized Ekman Model. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 46, 371-394.

Amaya, D. J., S.-P. Xie, A. J. Miller, and M. J. McPhaden, 2015: Seasonality of tropical Pacific decadal trends during the 21st century global warming hiatus. J. Geophys. Res., 120, doi:10.1002/2015JC010906.

Cai, W. A. Santoso, G. Wang, S.-W. Yeh, S.-I. An, K. Cobb, M. Collins, E. Guilyardi, F.-F.Jin, J.-S. Kug, M. Lengaigne, M. J. McPhaden, K. Takahashi, A. Timmermann, G. Vecchi, M. Watanabe, L. Wu, 2015: ENSO and global warming. Nature Climate Change, 5, 849-859.

Cai, W., G. Wang, A. Santoso, M.J. McPhaden, L. Wu, F.-F. Jin, A. Timmermann, M. Collins, G. Vecchi, M. Lengaigne, M.H. England, D. Dommenget, K. Takahashi, and E. Guilyardi, 2015: Increasing frequency of extreme La Niña events induced by greenhouse warming. Nature Climate Change, 5, 132-137, doi: 10.1038/nclimate2492.

Chen, G., W. Han, Y. Li, Dongxiao Wang, M. J. McPhaden, 2015: Seasonal-to-Interannual Time Scale Dynamics of the Equatorial Undercurrent in the Indian Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 45, 1532-1553.

Legler, D.M., H.J. Freeland, R. Lumpkin, G. Ball, M.J. McPhaden, S. North, R. Crowley, G.J. Goni, U. Send & M.A. Merrifield, 2015: The current status of the real-time in situ Global Ocean Observing System for operational oceanography. J. Operational Oceanogr., 8, Suppl. 2, s189-s200.

Levine, A. F. Z., and M. J. McPhaden, 2015: The annual cycle in ENSO growth rate as a cause of the spring predictability barrier. Geophys. Res. Lett., 42, 5034–5041, doi:10.1002/2015GL064309

McPhaden, M. J., 2015: Playing hide and seek with El Niño. Nature Climate Change, 5, 791-795.

McPhaden, M. J., A. Timmermann, M. J. Widlansky, M. A. Balmaseda and T. N. Stockdale, 2015: The Curious Case of the El Niño that Never Happened: A Perspective from 40 Years of Progress in Climate Research and Forecasting. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 96, 1647-1665, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00089.1

McPhaden, M. J., Y. Wang, and M. Ravichandran, 2015: Volume transports of the Wyrtki Jets and their Relationship to the Indian Ocean Dipole. J. Geophys. Res., 120, 5302-5317, doi:10.1002/2015JC010901.

Strutton, P. G., V. J. Coles, R. R. Hood, R. J. Matear, M. J. McPhaden and H. E. Phillips, 2015: Biogeochemical variability in the equatorial Indian Ocean during the monsoon transition. Biogeochem., 12, 2367-2382, doi:10.5194/bg-12-1-2015.

Wenegrat, J. O. and M. J. McPhaden, 2015: Dynamics of surface layer diurnal cycle in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean (0°, 23°W), J. Geophys. Res.,120, 563-81, doi: 10.1002/2014JC010504.

Cai,  W., S. Borlace, M. Lengaigne, P. van Rensch, M. Collins, G. Vecchi, A. Timmermann, A. Santoso, M. J. McPhaden, L. Wu, M. England, E. Guilyardi, and F.-F. Jin, 2014: Increasing frequency of extreme El Niño events due to greenhouse warming. Nature Climate Change, 4, 111–116. doi:10.1038/nclimate2100.

England, M. H., S. McGregor, P. Spence, G. A. Meehl, A. Timmermann, W. Cai, A. Sen Gupta, M. J. McPhaden, A. Purich, and A. Santoso, 2014: Recently intensified Pacific Ocean wind-­‐driven circulation and the ongoing warming hiatus, Nature Climate Change, 4, 222–227. doi:10.1038/nclimate2106.

Han, W., J. Vialard, M.J. McPhaden, T. Lee, Y. Masomoto, M. Feng, and W. de Ruijter, 2014: Indian Ocean decadal variability: a review. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 95, 1679-1703.

Hood, R. R., M. J. McPhaden, and E. Urban, 2014: New Indian Ocean program builds on scientific legacy. EOS, Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 95, 349-60.

Kumar, B. P., J. Vialard, M. Lengaigne, V.S.N. Murty, G. R. Foltz, M. J. McPhaden, S. Pous, and C. D. Montegut, 2014: Processes of interannual mixed layer temperature variability in the thermocline ridge of the Indian Ocean. Clim. Dyn., 43, 2377-2397.

Lee, T., G. Lagerloef, H.-Y. Kao, M. J. McPhaden, J. Willis, and M. M. Gierach, 2014: The influence of salinity on tropical Atlantic instability waves and eddies. J. Geophys. Res., 41, 7933–7941.

Lübbecke, J. F. and M. J. McPhaden, 2014: Assessing the 21st century shift in ENSO variability in terms of the Bjerknes stability index. J. Climate, 27, 2577-2587. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00438.1.

Lübbecke, J. F. N. L. Burls, C. J. C. Reason, and M. J. McPhaden, 2014: Variability in the South Atlantic anticyclone and the Atlantic Niño mode. J. Climate, 27, 8135-8150. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00202.1

McPhaden, M. J. and M. Nagura, 2014: Indian Ocean Dipole interpreted in terms of Recharge Oscillator theory.  Clim. Dyn., 42, 1569–1586. doi 10.1007/s00382-013-1765-1.

Nagura, M. and M. J. McPhaden, 2014: Zonal momentum budget along the equator in the Indian Ocean from a high resolution ocean general circulation model.  J. Geophys. Res., 119, 4444-4461, doi:10.1002/2014JC009895.

Nyadjro, E. and M. J. McPhaden, 2014: Variability of zonal currents in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean on seasonal to interannual time scales. J. Geophys. Res., 119, 7969-7986, doi:10.1002/2014JC010380.

Praveen Kumar, B., J. Vialard, M. Lengaigne, V.S.N. Murty, G.R. Foltz, M.J. McPhaden, S. Pous, and C. de Boyer Montégut, 2014: Processes of interannual mixed layer temperature variability in the thermocline ridge of the Indian Ocean.  Clim. Dyn., 43, 2377-2397, doi:10.1007/s00382-014-2059-y.

Rodrigues, R. R. and M. J. McPhaden, 2014: Why did the 2011-12 La Niña cause a severe drought in the Brazilian Northeast? Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 1012–1018. DOI: 10.1002/2013GL058703.

Servain, J., G. Caniaux, Y. K. Kouadio, M. J. McPhaden, and M. Araujo, 2014: Recent Climatic Trends in the Tropical Atlantic. Clim. Dyn., 41, 3071-3089, doi:10.1007/s00382-014-2168-7.

Sutton, A. J. R. A. Feely, C. L. Sabine, M. J. McPhaden, T. Takahashi, F. P. Chavez, G. E. Friederich, and J. T. Mathis, 2014: Natural variability and anthropogenic change in equatorial Pacific surface ocean pCO2 and pH. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 28, 131–145.  doi:10.1002/2013GB004679.

Wen, C., A. Kumar, Y. Xue, and M. J. McPhaden, 2014: Understanding Causes for Change in ENSO Characteristics after 1999: An oceanic perspective. J. Climate, 27, 7230-7249.

Wenegrat, J. O., M. J. McPhaden, and R.-C. Lien, 2014: Wind Stress and Near-Surface Shear in the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 1226-1231, doi:10.1002/2013GL059149.

Zhang, D., M. J. McPhaden, and T. Lee, 2014: Observed Interannual Variability of Zonal Currents in the Equatorial Indian Ocean Thermocline and Their Relation to Indian Ocean Dipole. Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 7933-7941, doi: 10.1002/2014GL061449.

Cuypers, Y., X. Le Vaillant, P. Bouruet-Aubertot, J. Vialard and M. J. McPhaden, 2013: Tropical storm-induced near-inertial internal waves during the Cirene experiment: energy fluxes and impact on vertical mixing. J. Geophys. Res., 118, 358-380, doi: 10.1029/2012JC007881.

Feng, M., M. J. McPhaden, S.-P. Xie, and J. Hafner, 2013: La Niña forces unprecedented Leeuwin Current warming in 2011. Nature Sci. Repts., 3, 1277, doi 10.1038/srep01277.

Foltz, G. R., A. T. Evan, H. P. Freitag, S. Brown, and M. J. McPhaden, 2013: Dust accumulation biases in PIRATA shortwave radiation records. J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 30, 1414-1432, doi: 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00169.1.

Girishkumar, M. S., M. Ravichandran and M. J. McPhaden, 2013: Temperature inversions and their influence on the mixed layer heat budget during the winters of 2006-07 and 2007-08 in the Bay of Bengal. J. Geophys. Res.,118, doi:10.1002/jgrc.20192.

Luebbecke, J. and M. J. McPhaden, 2013: A comparative stability analysis of Atlantic and Pacific Niño modes. J. Climate,26, 5965-5980. doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00758.1.

McGregor, S., N. Ramesh, P. Spence, M. H. England, M. J. McPhaden, and A. Santoso, 2013: Meridional movement of wind anomalies during ENSO events and their role in event termination, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, doi:10.1002/grl.50136.

McGregor, S., N. Ramesh, P. Spence, M. H. England, M. J. McPhaden, and A. Santoso, 2013: Meridional movement of wind anomalies during ENSO events and their role in event termination, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, doi:10.1002/grl.50136.

McPhaden, M. J., and G. R. Foltz, 2013: Intraseasonal variations in the surface layer heat balance of the central equatorial Indian Ocean: The importance of zonal advection and vertical mixing. Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 1-5, doi:10.1029/GL056092.

Moum, J. N., A. Perlin, J. D. Nash, and M. J. McPhaden, 2013: Ocean mixing controls seasonal sea surface cooling in the equatorial Pacific cold tongue. Nature, 500, 64-67.

Praveen Kumar, B.,  J. Vialard, M. Lengaigne, V.S.N. Murty, M.J. McPhaden,  M.F. Cronin, F. Pinsard and K. Gopala Reddy, 2013: TropFlux wind stresses over the tropical oceans: evaluation and comparison with other products. Clim. Dynamics, 40, 2049-2071, doi: 10.1007/s00382-012-1455-4.

Santoso, A., S. McGregor, F.-F. Jin, W. Cai, M. H. England, S.-I. An, M. J. McPhaden, and E. Guilyardi, 2013: Late 20 Century Emergence of El Niño Propagation Asymmetry and Future Projections.  Nature, 504, 126-130.

Bingham, F. M., G. R. Foltz, and M. J. McPhaden, 2012: Characteristics of the seasonal cycle of surface layer salinity in the global ocean. Ocean Science, 8, 915-929.

Cai, W., M. Lengaigne, S.Borlace, M. Collins, T.Cowan, M. J. McPhaden, A. Timmermann, S. Power, J. Brown, C. Menkes, A. Ngari, E. M. Vincent, and M. Widlansky, 2012: More extreme swings of the South Pacific Convergence Zone due to greenhouse warming. Nature, 488, 365-370.

Foltz, G.R., M.J. McPhaden, and R. Lumpkin, 2012: A strong Atlantic Meridional Mode event in 2009: The role of mixed layer dynamics. J. Climate, 25, 363-380, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00150.1.

Gierach, M. M, T. Lee, D. Turk, and M. J. McPhaden, 2012: Biological Response to the 1997-98 and 2009-10 El Niño events in the Equatorial Pacific Ocean. Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L10602, doi:10.1029/2012GL051103.

Gnanaseelan, C., A. Deshpande, and M. J. McPhaden, 2012: Impact of Indian Ocean Dipole and El Niño/Southern Oscillation forcing on the Wyrtki jets. J. Geophys. Res.,117, C08005, doi:10.1029/2012JC007918.

Luebbecke, J. and M. J. McPhaden, 2012: On the inconsistent relationship between Atlantic and Pacific Niños. J. Climate, 25, 4294-4303.

Maneesha, K., V. S. N. Murty, M. Ravichandran, T. Lee, Weidong Yu, and M. J. McPhaden, 2012:  Upper ocean variability in the Bay of Bengal during the tropical cyclones Nargis and Laila. Prog. Oceanogr., 106, 49-61.

McPhaden, M. J., 2012: A 21st Century Shift in the Relationship between ENSO SST and Warm Water Volume Anomalies. Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L09706, doi:10.1029/2012GL051826.

Morrissey, M. L., H. J. Diamond, M. J. McPhaden, H. P. Freitag, and J. S. Greene, 2012: An Investigation of the Consistency of TAO/TRITON Buoy-mounted Capacitance Rain Gauges. J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 29, 834-845, doi: 10.1175/JTECH-D-11-00171.1.

Nagura, M., and M. J. McPhaden, 2012: The dynamics of wind-driven intraseasonal variability in the equatorial Indian Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 115, C07009, doi:10.1029/2011JC007405.

Praveen Kumar, B., J. Vialard, M. Lengaigne, V.S.N. Murty and M.J. McPhaden, 2012:   TropFlux:  Air-Sea Fluxes for the Global Tropical Oceans: Description and evaluation. Clim. Dynamics, 38, 1521-1543, doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1115-0.

Wu, L., W. Cai, L. Zhang, H. Nakamura, A. Timmermann, T. Joyce, M. J. McPhaden, M. Alexander, B. Qiu, M. Visbeck, P. Chang, and B. Giese, 2012: Enhanced Warming over the Global Subtropical Western Boundary Currents. Nature Climate Change, 2, 161–166, doi: 10.1038/NCLIMATE1353.

Delcroix T., G. Alory, S. Cravatte, T. Corrége, and M. J. McPhaden, 2011:  A gridded sea surface salinity data set for the tropical Pacific with sample applications (1950-2008).  Deep-Sea Res. Part I, 58, 38-48.

Girishkumar, M. S., M. Ravichandran, M. J. McPhaden, and R. R. Rao, 2011: Intraseasonal variability in barrier layer thickness in the south central Bay of Bengal, J. Geophys. Res., 116, C03009, doi:10.1029/2010JC006657.

Iskandar, I., and M. J. McPhaden, 2011: Dynamics of wind-forced intraseasonal zonal current variations in the equatorial Indian Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 116, C06019, doi:10.1029/2010JC006864.

McPhaden, M. J., T. Lee, and D. McClurg, 2011: El Niño and its relationship to changing background conditions in the tropical Pacific. Geophys. Res. Lett. 38, L15709, doi:10.1029/2011GL048275.

Turk, D., C. S. Meinen, D. Antoine, M. J. McPhaden, and M. R. Lewis, 2011: Implications of changing El Niño patterns for biological dynamics in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L23603, doi: 10.1029/2011GL049674.

 

Yu, L. and M. J. McPhaden, 2011: Ocean pre-conditioning of Cyclone Nargis in the Bay of Bengal: Interaction between Rossby waves, surface fresh waters, and sea surface temperatures. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 41, 1741-1755.

Zhang, D., R. Msadek, M. J. McPhaden, and T. Delworth, 2011: Multidecadal variability of the North Brazil Current and its connection to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. J. Geophys. Res., 116, C04012, doi:10.1029/2010JC006812.

Balmaseda, M.A., Y. Fujii, O. Alves, T. Lee, M. Rienecker, T. Rosati, D. Stammer, Y. Xue, H. Freeland, M.J. McPhaden, L. Goddard, and C. Coelho, 2010: Role of the Ocean Observing System in an end-to-end seasonal forecasting system. In Proceedings of the "OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society" Conference (Vol. 1); ", Venice, Italy, 21–25 September 2009, Hall, J., D.E. Harrison, and D. Stammer, Eds., ESA Publication WPP-306.

Bingham, F., G. R. Foltz, and M. J. McPhaden, 2010: Seasonal Cycles of Surface Layer Salinity in the Pacific Ocean. Ocean Sci., 6, 775-787.

Chang, Y.-T., T. Yung Tang, S.-Y. Chao, M.-H. Chang, D. S. Ko, Y. J. Yang, W.-D. Liang, and M. J. McPhaden, 2010: Mooring observations and numerical modeling of thermal structures in the South China Sea, J. Geophys., 115, C10022, doi:10.1029/2010JC006293.

Feng, M., M. J. McPhaden, and T. Lee, 2010:  Decadal variability of the Pacific subtropical cells and their influence on the southeast Indian Ocean. Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L09606, doi:10.1029/2010GL042796.

Foltz, G. R., and M. J. McPhaden, 2010: Abrupt equatorial wave-induced cooling of the Atlantic cold tongue in 2009. Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L24605, doi:10.1029/2010GL045522.

Foltz, G. R., and M. J. McPhaden, 2010: Interaction between the Atlantic meridional and Nino modes. Geophys. Res. Lett., L18604, doi:10.1029/2010GL044001.

Foltz, G. R., J. Vialard, P. Kumar, and M. J. McPhaden, 2010: Seasonal mixed layer heat balance of the southwestern tropical Indian Ocean. J. Climate, 23, 947-965.

Gulev, S.K., S.A. Josey, M. Bourassa, L.-A. Breivik, M.F. Cronin, C. Fairall, S. Gille, E.C. Kent, C.M. Lee, M.J. McPhaden, P.M.S. Monteiro, U. Schuster, S.R. Smith, K.E. Trenberth, D. Wallace, and S.D. Woodruff, 2010: Surface Energy and CO2 fluxes in the global ocean-atmosphere-ice system. In Proceedings of the "OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society" Conference (Vol. 1)", Venice, Italy, 21–25 September 2009, Hall, J., D.E. Harrison, and D. Stammer, Eds., ESA Publication WPP-306.

Huang, B., Y. Xue, D. Zhang, A. Kumar, and M. J. McPhaden, 2010: The NCEP GODAS Ocean Analysis of the Tropical Pacific Mixed Layer Heat Budget on Seasonal to Interannual Time Scales. J. Climate, 23, 4901-4925.

Lampitt, R. S., P. Favali, C. R. Barnees, M. J. Church, M. F. Cronin, K. L. Hill, Y. Kaneda, D. M. Karl, A. H. Knap, M. J. McPhaden, K. A. Nittis, I. G. Priede, J.-F. Rolin, U. Send, C.-C. Teng, T. W. Trull, D. W. R. Wallace, R. A. Weller, 2010: In situ sustained Eulerian observatories. In Proceedings of the "OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society" Conference (Vol. 1), Venice, Italy, 21-25 September 2009, Hall, J. Harrison, D. E., and Stammer, D., Eds., ESA Publication WPP-306.

Lee, T., and M. J. McPhaden, 2010: Increasing intensity of El Niño in the central-equatorial Pacific. Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L14603, doi:10.1029/2010GL044007.

Masumoto, Y., W. Yu, G. Meyers, N. D'Adamo, L. Beal, W.P.M. de Ruijter, M. Dyoulgerov, J. Hermes, T. Lee, J.R.E. Lutjeharms, J.P. McCreary, Jr., M.J. McPhaden, V.S.N. Murty, D. Obura, C.B. Pattiaratchi, M. Ravichandran, C. Reason, F. Syamsudin, G. Vecchi, J. Vialard, and L. Yu, 2010: Observing systems in the Indian Ocean. In Proceedings of the "OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society" Conference (Vol. 2), Venice, Italy, 21–25 September 2009, Hall, J., D.E. Harrison, and D. Stammer, Eds., ESA Publication WPP-306, doi:10.5270/OceanObs09.cwp.60.

McPhaden, M.J., K. Ando, B. Bourlès, H.P. Freitag, R. Lumpkin, Y. Masumoto, V.S.N. Murty, P. Nobre, M. Ravichandran, J. Vialard, D. Vousden, and W. Yu, 2010: The global tropical moored buoy array. In Proceedings of the "OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society" Conference (Vol. 2), Venice, Italy, 21–25 September 2009, Hall, J., D.E. Harrison, and D. Stammer, Eds., ESA Publication WPP-306.

McPhaden, M. J., A. J. Busalacchi, and D. L. T. Anderson, 2010: A TOGA retrospective. Oceanography, 23, 86-103.

Nagura, M., and M. J. McPhaden, 2010: Wyrtki Jet dynamics: Seasonal variability, J. Geophys. Res., 115, C07009, doi:10.1029/2009JC005922.

Nagura, M. and M. J. McPhaden, 2010: Dynamics of zonal current variations associated with the Indian Ocean dipole. J. Geophys. Res., 115, C11026, doi:10.1029/2010JC006423.

Radenac, M.-H, P. E. Plimpton, A. Lebourges-Dhaussy, L. Commien, and M. J. McPhaden, 2010: Impact of environmental forcing on the acoustic backscattering strength in the equatorial Pacific: diurnal, lunar, intraseasonal, and interannual variability. Deep-Sea Res., 57, 1314-1328.

Rienecker, M.M., T. Awaji, M. Balmaseda, B. Barnier, D. Behringer, M. Bell, M. Bourassa, P. Brasseur, J. Carton, J. Cummings, L.-A. Breivik, E. Dombrowsky, C. Fairall, N. Ferry, G. Forget, H. Freeland, S.M. Griffies, K. Haines, D.E. Harrison, P. Heimbach, M. Kamachi, E. Kent, T. Lee, P.-Y. Le Traon, M. McPhaden, M.J. Martin, P. Oke, M.D. Palmer, E. Remy, T. Rosati, A. Schiller, D.M. Smith, D. Snowden, D. Stammer, K.E. Trenberth, and Y. Xue, 2010: Synthesis and assimilation systems—Essential adjuncts to the Global Ocean Observing System. In Proceedings of the "OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society" Conference (Vol. 1), Venice, Italy, 21–25 September 2009, Hall, J., D.E. Harrison, and D. Stammer, Eds., ESA Publication WPP-306.

Send, U., R. A. Weller, D. Wallace, F. Chavez, R. Lampitt, T. Dickey, M. Honda, K. Nittis, R. Lukas, M. McPhaden, and R. Feely, 2010: OceanSITES.  In Proceedings of the "OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society" Conference (Vol. 2), Venice, Italy, 21–25 September 2009, Hall, J., D.E. Harrison, and D. Stammer, Eds., ESA Publication WPP-306, 10.5270/OceanObs09.cwp.79.

Xue, Y., O. Alves, M.A. Balmaseda, N. Ferry, S. Good, I. Ishikawa, T. Lee, M.J. McPhaden, K.A. Peterson, and M. Rienecker, 2010: Ocean state estimation for global ocean monitoring: ENSO and beyond ENSO. In Proceedings of the "OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society" Conference (Vol. 2), Venice, Italy, 21–25 September 2009, Hall, J., D.E. Harrison, and D. Stammer, Eds., ESA Publication WPP-306.

Zhang, X. and M.J. McPhaden, 2010: Interannual surface layer heat balance in the eastern equatorial Pacific and its relationship with local atmospheric forcing. J. Climate, 23, 4375–4394.

Clarke, C., et al, 2009: An overview of global ocean observing Systems relevant to GODAE.  Oceanography, 22, 22-33.

Cravatte, S.E., T. Delcroix, D. Zhang, M.J McPhaden, and J. Leloup, 2009: Observed freshening and warming of the western Pacific warm pool. Clim. Dyn., 33, 565-589.

Foltz, G.R., and M.J. McPhaden, 2009: Impact of barrier layer thickness on SST in the central tropical North Atlantic. J. Climate, 22, 285-299.

McPhaden, M.J., G.R. Foltz, T. Lee, V.S.N. Murty, M. Ravichandran, G.A. Vecchi, J. Vialard, J.D. Wiggert, L. Yu, 2009: Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions During Cyclone Nargis. EOS, Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 90, 53-54.

McPhaden, M.J., G. Meyers, K. Ando,Y. Masumoto, V.S.N. Murty, M. Ravichandran, F. Syamsudin, J. Vialard, L. Yu, and W. Yu, 2009: RAMA: The Research Moored Array for African-Asian-Australian Monsoon Analysis and Prediction. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 90, 459-480.

McPhaden, M. J., and X. Zhang, 2009: Asymmetry in zonal phase propagation of ENSO sea surface temperature anomalies, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L13703, doi:10.1029/2009GL038774.

Vialard, J., J.P. Duvel, M. McPhaden, P. Bouruet-Aubertot, B. Ward, E. Key, D. Bourras, R. Weller, P. Minnett, A. Weill, C. Cassou, L. Eymard, T. Fristedt, C. Basdevant, Y. Dandoneau, O. Duteil, T. Izumo, C. de Boyer Montégut, S. Masson, and F. Marsac, 2009: Cirene: Air-sea interactions in the Seychelles-Chagos thermocline ridge region. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 90, 45-60.

Bourlès, B., R. Lumpkin, M.J. McPhaden, F. Hernandez, P. Nobre, E. Campos, L. Yu, S. Planton, A. Busalacchi, A.D. Moura, J. Servain, and J. Trotte, 2008: The PIRATA Program: History, Accomplishments, and Future Directions. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 89, 1111-1125.

Foltz, G.R., and M.J. McPhaden, 2008: Impact of Saharan dust on tropical North Atlantic SST. J. Climate, 21, 5048-5060.

Foltz, G.R., and M.J. McPhaden, 2008: Trends in Saharan dust and tropical Atlantic climate during 1980-2006. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L20706, doi:10.1029/2008GL035042.

Foltz, G.R. and M.J. McPhaden, 2008: Seasonal mixed layer salinity balance of the tropical North Atlantic Ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 113, C02013, doi:10.1029/2007JC004178.

Lee, T. and M.J. McPhaden, 2008: Decadal phase change in large-scale sea level and winds in the Indo-Pacific region at the end of the 20th century. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L01605, doi:10.1029/2007GL032419.

McPhaden, M.J., 2008: Evolution of the 2006-07 El Niño: The Role of Intraseasonal to Interannual Time Scale Dynamics. Adv. Geosci., 14, 219-230.

McPhaden, M.J., M.F. Cronin, and D.C. McClurg, 2008: Meridional structure of the surface mixed layer temperature balance on seasonal time scales in the eastern tropical Pacific. J. Climate, 21, 3240-3260.

Nagura, M. and M.J. McPhaden, 2008: The dynamics of zonal current variations in the central equatorial Indian Ocean. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L23603, doi:10.1029/2008GL035961.

Vialard, J., G. Foltz, M.J. McPhaden, J.P. Duvel and C. de Boyer Montégut, 2008: Strong Indian Ocean sea surface temperature signals associated with the Madden-Julian oscillation in late 2007 and early 2008. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L19608, doi:10.1029/2008GL035238.

Yoneyama, K., et al, 2008: MISMO field experiment in the tropical Indian Ocean. Bull. Am. Meteor. Soc., 89, 1889-1903.

Zhang, X. and M.J. McPhaden, 2008: Eastern equatorial Pacific forcing of ENSO sea surface temperature anomalies. J. Climate, 21, 6070-6079.

Cheng, W., M.J. McPhaden, D. Zhang, and E.J. Metzger, 2007: Recent changes in the Pacific subtropical cells inferred from an eddy resolving ocean circulation model. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 37, 1340-1356.

Delcroix. T., S. Cravatte, and M.J. McPhaden, 2007: Decadal variations and trends in tropical Pacific sea surface salinity since 1970. J. Geophys. Res., 112(C3), C03012, doi:10.1029/2006JC003801.

Behrenfeld, M.J., K. Worthington, R.M. Sherrell, F.P. Chavez, P. Strutton, M.J. McPhaden, and D.M. Shea, 2006: Controls on tropical Pacific ocean productivity revealed through nutrient stress diagnostics, Nature, 442, 1025-1028.

Bennett, A.F., B.S. Chua, H.-E. Ngodock, D.E. Harrison, and M.J. McPhaden, 2006: Generalized inversion of the Gent-Cane model of the Tropical Pacific with Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean (TAO) data. J. Mar. Res., 64, 1-42.

Cronin, M.F., C. Fairall, and M.J. McPhaden, 2006: An assessment of buoy derived and numerical weather prediction surface heat fluxes in the tropical Pacific. J. Geophys. Res., 111, C06038, doi:10.1029/2005JC003324.

Feely, R.A., T. Takahashi, R. Wanninkhof, M.J. McPhaden, C.E. Cosca, S.C. Sutherland and M.-E. Carr, 2006: Decadal Variability of the Air-Sea CO2 Fluxes in the  Equatorial Pacific Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 111, C08S90, doi:10.1029/2005JC003129.

Foltz, G.R. and M.J. McPhaden, 2006: Unusually warm sea surface temperatures in the tropical North Atlantic during 2005. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L19703, doi:10.1029/2006GL027394.

Foltz, G.R. and M.J. McPhaden, 2006: The role of oceanic heat advection in the evolution of tropical North and South Atlantic SST anomalies. J. Climate, 19, 6122-6138.

Maes, C., K. Ando, T. Delcroix, W.S. Kessler, M.J. McPhaden, and D. Roemmich, 2006: Observed correlation of surface salinity, temperature and barrier layer at the eastern edge of the western Pacific warm pool. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L06601, doi:10.1029/2005GL024772.

McPhaden, M.J., S.E. Zebiak, and M.H. Glantz, 2006: ENSO as an integrating concept in Earth science. Science, 314, 1740-1745.

McPhaden, M.J., X. Zhang, H.H. Hendon, and M.C. Wheeler, 2006: Large Scale Dynamics and MJO Forcing of ENSO Variability. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33(16), L16702,
doi:10.1029/2006GL026786.

Schein, K.A. et al, 2006: The state of the climate 2005. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 87, S1-S102.

Zhang, D., and M.J. McPhaden, 2006: Decadal variability of the shallow Pacific meridional overturning circulation: relation to tropical sea surface temperatures in observations and climate change models. Ocean Modelling, 15, 250-273.

Zhang, X. and M.J. McPhaden, 2006: Wind stress variations and interannual sea surface temperature anomalies in the eastern equatorial Pacific. J. Climate, 19, 226-241.

Capotondi, A., M.A. Alexander, C. Deser, and M.J. McPhaden, 2005: Anatomy and Decadal Evolution of the Pacific Subtropical-Tropical Cells (STCs). J. Climate, 18, 3739-3758.

Delcroix, T., M.J. McPhaden, A. Dessier, and Y. Gouriou,  2005: Time and space scales for sea surface salinity in the tropical oceans. Deep-Sea Res., 52, 787-813.

Foltz, G.R. and M.J. McPhaden, 2005: Mixed layer heat balance on intraseasonal time scales in the northwestern tropical Atlantic Ocean. J. Climate, 18, 4168-4184.

Grodsky, S., J. Carton, C. Provost, J. Servain, J. Lorenzzetti, and M.J. McPhaden, 2005: Tropical instability waves and the warming of the cold tongue of the tropical Atlantic. J. Geophys. Res., 110, C08010, doi:10.1029/2005JC002941.

RECENT BOOK CHAPTERS AND REVIEWS

McPhaden, M.J., 2007: El Niño and La Niña: Physical Mechanisms and Climate Impacts. In: The Impact of Environmental Variability on Ecological Systems. D. A. Vasseur and K. S. McCann (Eds.). Springer, New York, p. 1-16.

McPhaden, M.J., 2006: El Niño and Ocean Observations: A personal history. In: Physical Oceanography, Developments Since 1950. M. Jochum and R. Murtugudde (Eds.), Springer, New York, p. 79-99.