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Discussion
D. Pyle (Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, UK). In DrButterfield's model he considers the interaction of the hot lava-flow body with the overlyingwater column as a mechanism for producing high-temperature fluids. Is it not possible thatmuch of this hot fluid might be produced by heating of seawater trapped in the shallowfractured water-saturated crust which was engulfed by the rapidly advancing flow-front?
D. A. Butterfield. Indeed, we believe that most of the heat is removed
by fluidscirculating around and through the lava mound and underlying dyke,
and that hot fluids areprimarily generated below the interface between the open
water-column and the lava surface.Fluid flow is facilitated by the high porosity
of the upper ca. 100 m of ocean crust inthis area, and by the high permeability
of the lava mound itself, as indicated by the extensiveventing of warm fluids
from cracks and interstices between pillows. Rapid removal of heatfrom the portion
of the dyke and lava flow very near the seafloor can contribute to event plumeformation,
while heat from the deeper portions of the dyke would probably be removed moreslowly.
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