TROPICAL ATMOSPHERE-OCEAN (TAO) PROGRAM

FINAL

 

CRUISE INSTRUCTIONS

FOR

KA-04-07

GP8-04-KA

November 23 – December 19, 2004

 

 

 

TAO Program Director

Dr. Michael J. McPhaden

PMEL, TAO Project Office

7600 Sand Point Way NE

Seattle, WA 98115

 

Area:    Equatorial Pacific

Itinerary:

KA-04-07        Kwajalein, RMI                        dep.  23 November 2004 (Kwajalein date)

Honolulu, HI                           arr.    19 December 2004

 

CRUISE DESCRIPTION

General guidelines are contained in the TAO Program Standard Operating Instructions for NOAA Ship KAÕIMIMOANA dated June 28, 2002.

 

Cruise Objective and Plan:

The objective of this cruise is the maintenance of the TAO Array along the 165¡E and 180¡ meridians.  The ship will depart on November 23, 2004 to commence operations as listed in Appendix A.  After completion of operations, NOAA Ship KAÕIMIMOANA will proceed to Honolulu, HawaiÕi, arriving on or about December 19, 2004.  All dates and times referred to in these cruise instructions are in Pacific Standard Time (PST).


MOP Operations:                                           TAO Operations Manager:

Larry Mordock                                                LCDR Brian Lake, NOAA

NOAA/MOC-Pacific (MOC-P1x3)                   PMEL, TAO, R/PMEL

1801 Fairview Ave. East                                  7600 Sand Point Way NE

Seattle, Washington  98102-3767                    Seattle, Washington 98115-0070

Tel: (206) 553-4764                                        Tel: (206) 526-6403

Email: Larry.Mordock@noaa.gov                   Email: Brian.Lake@noaa.gov

 

1.0       PERSONNEL

 

1.01   Chief Scientist and Participating Scientists:

 

Chief Scientist:                         Ben Moore

 

The Chief Scientist is authorized to revise or alter the scientific portion of the cruise plan as work progresses provided that, after consultation with the Commanding Officer, it is ascertained that the proposed changes will not: (1) jeopardize the safety of personnel or the ship; (2) exceed the overall time allotted for the cruise; (3) result in undue additional expenses; (4) alter the general intent of these instructions.  A list of participating scientists follows.  All participating scientists will submit a medical history form and be medically approved before embarking.

 

Participating Scientists:

Name                                       Sex      Nationality       Affiliation

1.   Ben Moore                         M         USA                 NOAA/PMEL

2.   Brian Powers                      M         USA                 NOAA/PMEL

3.   Carla Engalla                      F         USA                 MBARI

 

2.0       OPERATIONS

Mooring Operations are scheduled to be conducted as shown in Appendix A.  Operations will be conducted from 08¡N – 165¡E to 08¡S – 165¡W and 08¡S – 180¡ to 08¡N – 180¡.  The following mooring operations are anticipated, though the work may be changed by direction of the Chief Scientist, in consultation with the Commanding Officer.

 

Location

Mooring Type

Operation

Status

08¡N 165¡E

ATLAS

Repair

Swap SWR, Rain

05¡N 165¡E

ATLAS

Recover/Deploy

 

02¡N 165¡E

ATLAS

Repair

Swap old-style RMY, SWR, ATRH, Rain

00¡    165¡E

ATLAS

Repair

Swap old-style RMY, SWR

00¡    165¡E

ADCP

Recover/Deploy

 

02¡S 165¡E

ATLAS

Recover/Deploy

 

05¡S 165¡E

ATLAS

Recover/Deploy

 

08¡S 165¡E

ATLAS

Repair

Swap SWR

05¡S 180¡

ATLAS

Visit

 

02¡S 180¡

ATLAS

Recover/Deploy

 

0¡ 180¡

ATLAS

Recover/Deploy

 

02¡N 180¡

ATLAS

Visit

 

05¡N 180¡

ATLAS

Recover/Deploy

 

08¡N 180¡

ATLAS

Visit

 

                                                                       

2.01     CTD

At a minimum, 1,000-meter CTD casts shall be conducted at each mooring site between 08¡N and 08¡S for sensor inter‑comparison purposes.  As time permits, additional or deeper CTDÕs should be conducted whenever addition of the CTDÕs will not impact scheduled mooring work.  For example, if the ship would arrive at the next mooring site in the middle of the night, it is preferable to do CTDÕs on the way, rather than remain hove to waiting for daylight.  Another example would be when mooring operations are significantly ahead of schedule.  Beyond those at mooring sites, CTDÕs should be conducted in the following order of priority:

á       1,000-meter CTDÕs at one degree latitude intervals between 12¡N and 08¡S, along the shipÕs trackline.

á       Extend 1,000-meter CTDÕs at mooring sites to a minimum of 3,000 meters or a maximum depth of 200 meters from bottom.  Four to six deep casts are optimal, occurring at the beginning and end of the cruise as well as at both equatorial sites.

á       1,000-meter CTDÕs every one‑half degree of latitude between 03¡N and 03¡S.

á       Additional calibration CTDÕs to be determined by Chief Scientist.

In order to reduce the cost of standard water needed to calibrate CTD data, the number of salinity samples has been reduced.   PMEL proposes taking eight samples per station instead of 12; not sampling 1/2-degree stations; and running 40 samples per standard instead of 36.  Questions regarding these revised procedures should be directed to Kristy McTaggart. 

 

2.02     Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) Chlorophyll and Nutrients

Phytoplankton biomass work consisting of chlorophyll extractions and nutrients samples will be collected from CTD rosette at 0, 10, 25, 40, 60, 100, 150, and 200-meter.  The total volume used from each bottle, including rinses is approximately two liters; except for the surface bottle, which will require approximately four liters.  This requires use of the sink/bench area of the wet lab for filtration purposes.  Chlorophyll samples will be measured on-board using a bench-top fluorometer.   Nutrient samples (sea water) will be stored in the science hold and off-loaded upon return.

 

2.03     Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) Surface Drifters

The Global Drifter Center at NOAA/AOML requests drifter deployments on an ancillary basis.  The drifters are small, easily deployed devices which are tracked by Argos and provide Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and mixed layer currents.  The global array of drifters provides SST ground truth for NOAAÕs polar orbiting satellite AVHRR SST maps.  They also provide data to operational meteorological and ocean models, and research ocean current data sets.  Ten AOML drifters are scheduled at the following positions: 

 

05¡N, 02¡N, 00¡, 02¡S, 05¡S on 165¡E

 

Craig Engler, NOAA/AOML

Global Drifter Center

Tel: (305) 361‑4439

Fax: (305) 361‑4392

Email: Craig.Engler@noaa.gov

URL: http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/

 

2.04     Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) Argo Profiling CTD Floats

One Argo float is scheduled for deployment on this cruise.  Individual deployment positions can be shifted by a degree or so along the ship track if more convenient.  Each float weighs about 56-lbs.  Boxes are numbered sequentially in order of deployment.  The boxes weigh about 200-lbs full and are 82Ó long x 17Ó high x 23Ó long.  Boxes cannot be stored or transported on their small ends.  The floats are sensitive to high temperatures, so as space for a pair of floats becomes available on the computer lab rack, it will be desirable to move floats from the next box to the rack at the earliest convenient time.  A manual for float-testing and deployment has been sent to the ship. Float deployment locations are as follows:

 

06¡S 165¡E

04¡N 180¡

 

Argo float questions should be directed to:

Gregory Johnson, NOAA/PMEL          or         Elizabeth Steffen, NOAA/PMEL

Tel: (206) 526-6806                                        Tel: (206) 526-6747

Email: Gregory.C.Johnson@noaa.gov             Email: Elizabeth.Steffen@noaa.gov

 

2.05     Discrete Gas Sampler

Whole air samples are cryogenically dried and pumped into glass flasks by an automated system in the computer lab.  Following the cruise, the flasks are returned to Princeton University for analysis by prepaid FEDEX.  Pairs of flasks are collected while the ship is underway at 8N, 4N, 0, 4S and 8S along the 155¼W and 170¼W lines.  Automated sampling cycle is approximately 5 hours.  It is anticipated that the Survey Technician will perform the maintenance tasks.


The contact for this project is:

 

Michael Bender

Princeton University

Tel: (609) 258-2936

Email: bender@geo.princeton.edu

 

2.06     Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Analysis (DIC)

A 0.5-liter seawater sample from surface CTD casts will be taken and stored for later dissolved inorganic carbon analysis.  Sample jars and mercury chloride solution will be provided by Scripps institute of Oceanography.  It is anticipated that the survey technician, together with MBARI personnel will take the samples.  A small bench-top drill press is installed on the ship to assist with the bottle capping process.  Samples will be shipped to Scripps at the conclusion of GP8 in Honolulu. The contacts for this project are:

 

Dr. Andrew Dickson                                        Dr. Richard Feely

Scripps Institution of Oceanography                NOAA/PMEL

University of California, San Diego                 7600 Sand Point Way NE

Room 203 – Vaughan Hall                              Seattle, Washington 98115

8675 Discovery Way

La Jolla, California 92037                               

Tel:   (858) 534-2582                                      Tel: (206) 526-6214

Email: adickson@ucsd.edu                              Email: Richard.A.Feely@noaa.gov

 

 

2.07  Nitrate N and Oxygen Isotope Analysis

At 00¡ 165¡E and 00¡ 180¡, a 50-ml sea water sample from surface CTD casts will be taken and stored for later Nitrate N and Oxygen isotope analysis.  Sample jars will be provided by Scripps Institute of Oceanography.  It is anticipated that the survey technician, together with MBARI personnel will take the samples. Samples will be frozen in the MBARI freezer and will be shipped to Scripps at the conclusion of this cruise.

 

The contact for this project is:

 

Patrick Rafter

SIO – UCSD

9500 Gilman Drive, Dept 0208

La Jolla, California 92093

Email: prafter@insci14.ucsd.edu

 

 

3.0       HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

The Chief Scientist is responsible for the proper and safe storage of scientific hazardous material and complying with NC Instruction 6280B, Hazardous Materials and Hazardous Waste Policy, Guidance, and Training, dated May 8, 1991. This includes the requirement for the Chief Scientist to remove all scientific team hazardous materials and waste at the end of the cruise.

 

3.1       Ancillary Projects Hazardous Materials

 

1. Acetone                                                                               12 Liters          MBARI

2. Hydrochloric Acid (HCL)                                                    6 Liters            MBARI

3.  Mercuric Chloride solution (saturated with 30 grams)         400-ml             Scripps/PMEL

4.  Mercuric Chloride powder                                                  30-g                 Scripps/PMEL

 

 

APPENDICES:

A.  Operations Spreadsheet

B.    Trackline

C.    Mooring Equipment Weight List

ÿ