TROPICAL
ATMOSPHERE-OCEAN (TAO) PROGRAM
DRAFT
CRUISE
INSTRUCTIONS
FOR
KA-06-06
(GP7-06-KA)
October
5 – November 3, 2006
TAO Program Director
Dr. Michael J. McPhaden
PMEL, TAO Project Office
7600 Sand Point Way NE
Seattle, WA 98115
Area: Equatorial Pacific
Itinerary:
KA-06-06 Honolulu,
Hawaii DEP October 5, 2006
Kwajalein
Atoll, RMI ARR November 3, 2006
CRUISE DESCRIPTION
General guidelines are contained in the TAO
Program Standard Operating Instructions for NOAA Ship KA’IMIMOANA dated December 8, 2004.
Cruise Objective and Plan:
The objective of this cruise is the maintenance
of the TAO Array along the 155°W and 170°W meridians. The scientific complement for the cruise will
embark in Honolulu, HI, on October 4, 2006.
The ship will depart on October 5, 2006, to commence operations as
listed in Appendix A. After completion
of operations, NOAA Ship KA’IMIMOANA will proceed to
Kwajalein Atoll, RMI, arriving on or about November 3, 2006. All dates and times referred to in these
cruise instructions are in Pacific Standard Time (PST).
MOP
Operations: TAO
Operations Manager:
Larry Mordock LCDR
Brian Lake, NOAA
NOAA/MOC-Pacific (MOC-P1x3) PMEL, TAO, R/PMEL
1801 Fairview Avenue East 7600 Sand Point Way NE
Seattle, Washington 98102-3767 Seattle,
Washington 98115-0070
(206) 553-4764 (206)
526-6403
Larry.Mordock@noaa.gov Brian.Lake@noaa.gov
1.0 PERSONNEL
1.1 CHIEF SCIENTIST AND PARTICIPATING
SCIENTISTS:
Chief Scientist:
Patrick A’Hearn
The Chief Scientist is authorized to revise or
alter the scientific portion of the cruise plan as work progresses provided
that, after consultation with the Commanding Officer, it is ascertained that
the proposed changes will not: (1) jeopardize the safety of personnel or the
ship; (2) exceed the overall time allotted for the cruise; (3) result in undue
additional expenses; (4) alter the general intent of these instructions. A list of participating scientists
follows. All participating scientists
will submit a medical history form and be medically approved before embarking.
Participating Scientists:
Name |
Gender |
Nationality |
Affiliation |
Patrick
A’Hearn |
M |
US |
PMEL |
Brian Powers |
M |
US |
PMEL |
Karolyn Braun |
F |
US |
NMAO/TAS |
Erich
Rienecker |
M |
US |
MBARI |
Jeff
Wise |
M |
US
|
NDBC |
James
Rauch |
M |
US |
NDBC |
2.0 OPERATIONS
Mooring Operations are scheduled to be conducted
as shown in Appendix A. Operations will
be conducted from 08°N – 155°W to 08°S – 155°W and 08°S – 170°W to 08°N – 170°W. The following mooring operations are
anticipated, though the work may be changed by direction of the Chief
Scientist, in consultation with the Commanding Officer.
Location |
Mooring Type |
Operation |
Status |
08°N
155°W |
ATLAS |
Recover/Deploy |
|
05°N
155°W |
ATLAS |
Visit |
|
02°N
155°W |
ATLAS |
Recover/Deploy |
|
0°
155°W |
ATLAS |
Repair |
Swap rain gauge, reset tube, swap out MBARI
instrument controller |
02°S
155°W |
ATLAS |
Recover/Deploy |
|
05°S
155°W |
ATLAS |
Visit |
|
08°S
155°W |
ATLAS |
Recover/Deploy |
|
Transit |
|
|
|
08°S
170°W |
ATLAS |
Recover/Deploy |
|
05°S
170°W |
ATLAS |
Visit |
|
02°S
170°W |
ATLAS |
Repair |
Pull buoy on deck and replace cotter pins, Swap
out MBARI instrument controller |
0°
170°W |
ATLAS |
Repair |
Swap rain gauge, swap CO2 system, pull buoy on
deck and replace cotter pins |
02°N
170°W |
ATLAS |
Recover/Deploy |
|
05°N
170°W |
ATLAS |
Visit |
|
08°N
170°W |
ATLAS |
Recover/Deploy |
|
08°N
180° |
ATLAS |
Visit |
|
2.01 CTD
At a minimum, 1,000 meter CTD casts shall be
conducted at each mooring site between 08°N and 08°S for sensor inter‑comparison
purposes. As time permits, additional or
deeper CTD’s should be conducted whenever addition of the CTD’s will not impact
scheduled mooring work. For example, if
the ship would arrive at the next mooring site in the middle of the night, it
is preferable to do CTD’s on the way, rather than remain hove to waiting for
daylight. Another example would be when
mooring operations are significantly ahead of schedule. Beyond those at mooring sites, CTD’s should
be conducted in the following order of priority:
·
1,000m CTD’s at one degree latitude
intervals between 12°N and 08°S, along the ship’s trackline.
·
Extend 1,000m CTD’s at mooring sites to a
minimum of 3,000m or a maximum depth of 200m from bottom. Four to six deep casts are optimal, occurring
at the beginning and end of the cruise as well as at both equatorial
sites.
·
1,000m CTD’s every one‑half degree
of latitude between 03°N and 03°S.
·
Additional calibration CTD’s to be
determined by Chief Scientist.
Eight seawater samples will be collected from each CTD cast
for later salinity analysis on-board with an autosalinometer. Sampling
depths vary depending on the depth of the cast. The Survey Technician,
together with other embarked scientific personnel will operate the CTD during
casts and take the samples. The Survey Technician will conduct later
analysis with the autosal.
2.02 Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute
(MBARI) Chlorophyll and Nutrients
2.021 Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute
(MBARI) Chlorophyll and Nutrients
Phytoplankton biomass work consisting of
chlorophyll extractions and nutrients samples will be collected from CTD
rosette at 0, 10, 25, 40, 60, 100, 150, and 200m. The total volume used from each bottle,
including rinses is approximately one liter; except for the surface bottle,
which will require approximately three liters.
This requires use of the sink/bench area of the wet lab for filtration
purposes. Chlorophyll samples will be
measured on-board using a bench-top fluorometer located in the computer room. Nutrient samples (sea water) will be stored in
the science hold and off-loaded upon return.
MBARI instrumentation (electronic controllers) on moorings currently
deployed at 0°155°W and 2°S170°W will be replaced.
Sechi disk casts will be made concurrently with
ctd casts and will require no extra time.
The contact for this project is:
Dr. Francisco Chavez
Monterey
Bay Aquarium Research Institute
7700
Sandholdt Road
Moss Landing, CA 95039
Phone:
(831) 775-1709
Fax:
(831) 775-1620
email:
chfr@mbari.org
2.03 Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological
Laboratory (AOML) Surface Drifters
The Global Drifter Center at NOAA/AOML requests
drifter deployments on an ancillary basis.
The drifters are small, easily deployed devices that are tracked by
ARGOS and provide Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and mixed layer currents. The global array of drifters provides SST
ground truth for NOAA’s polar orbiting satellite AVHRR SST maps. They also provide data to operational
meteorological and ocean models, and research ocean current data sets.
AOML drifters are scheduled at the following
positions:
155W: at or about latitudes 5N, 3N, equ, 3S, 5S
170W: at or about latitudes 5N, 2N, equ, 2S, 5S
The
contact for this project is:
Craig
Engler, NOAA/AOML
Global
Drifter Center,
Tel:
(305) 361‑4439
Fax:
(305) 361‑4392
E-mail:
Craig.Engler@noaa.gov
URL:
http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/
2.04 Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory
(PMEL) Argo Profiling CTD Floats
Several
(12-14) floats are scheduled for deployment on this cruise. Individual deployment positions can be
shifted by a degree or so along the ship track if more convenient. Each float weighs about 56 lbs. The boxes weigh about 200 lbs. full and are
82” long x 17” high x 23” long. Boxes
cannot be stored or transported on their small ends. The floats are sensitive to high
temperatures, so as space for a pair of floats becomes available on the
computer lab rack, it will be desirable to move floats from the next box to the
rack at the earliest convenient time. A
manual for float testing and deployment has been sent to the ship. Float deployment locations are as follows:
Float number deployment positions will be
determined prior to sailing by the Argo Program.
Argo float questions should be directed to:
Gregory
Johnson, NOAA/PMEL or Elizabeth Steffen,
NOAA/PMEL
Tel:
(206) 526-6806 Tel:
(206) 526-6747
E-mail:
pmel_floats@noaa.gov E-mail:
pmel_floats@noaa.gov
2.05 Discreet Gas Sampler
Whole air samples are cryogenically
dried and pumped into glass flasks by an automated system in the computer
lab. Following the cruise, the flasks
are returned to Princeton University for analysis by prepaid FEDEX. Pairs of flasks are collected while the ship
is underway at 08°N, 04°N, 00°, 04°S, and 08°S along the 155°W and 170°W
lines. Automated sampling cycle is
approximately five hours. It is
anticipated that the Survey Technician will perform the maintenance tasks. The Survey Technician will be shipping the
samples back to Princeton University.
The contact for this project is:
Michael Bender
Princeton University
Tel: (609) 258-2936
E-mail: bender@geo.princeton.edu
2.06 Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) Analysis
A 0.5 liter sea water sample will be collected
from the surface at whole degree CTD casts between 8N and 8S for later
dissolved inorganic carbon analysis.
Scripps Institute of Oceanography will provide sample jars and mercury
chloride solution. It is anticipated
that the Survey Technician, together with embarked scientific personnel will
take the samples. A small bench-top
drill press is installed on the ship to assist with the bottle capping
process. Samples will be shipped to Scripps
at the conclusion of KA-06-07.
The contacts for this project are:
Dr.
Andrew Dickson Dr.
Richard Feely
Scripps
Institution of Oceanography NOAA/PMEL
University
of California, San Diego 7600
Sand Point Way NE
Room
203 – Vaughan Hall Seattle,
Washington 98115
8675
Discovery Way
La
Jolla, California 92037
Tel:
(858) 534-2582 Tel:
(206) 526-6214
Email:
adickson@ucsd.edu E-mail: Richard.A.Feely@noaa.gov
2.07 Nutrient Samples
The Survey Technician shall collect a 30 ml
surface water sample at each whole degree CTD cast for later nutrient
analysis. It is anticipated that the
Survey Technician, together with other embarked scientific personnel will take
the samples. Sample bottles, ice packs,
and a cooler will be provided by PMEL.
Samples are stored and shipped back to PMEL at the conclusion of cruise
KA-06-07. Analysis is done at PMEL for
the CO2 program.
The contact for this project is:
Cathy Cosca
NOAA/PMEL
7600 Sand Point Way NE
Seattle, Washington 98115
Tel: (206) 526-6183
E-mail: cathy.cosca@noaa.gov
2.08 TAO-CO2 Moorings
The carbon group at PMEL has mounted sensors on moored buoys within
the TAO Array to provide high-resolution time-series measurements of
atmospheric boundary layer and sea surface CO2 partial pressure (pCO2). These data are used to evaluate the temporal
variability in air-sea CO2 fluxes and to assist in examining the mechanisms controlling CO2 fluxes. The pCO2 systems will be replaced at 0° 170°W.
Project contacts:
Chris Sabine, NOAA/PMEL Richard Feely,
NOAA/PMEL
7600 Sand Point Way NE 7600 Sand
Point Way NE
Seattle, Washington 98115 Seattle,
Washington 98115
Tel: (206) 526-4809 Tel:
(206) 526-6214
E-mail: Chris.Sabine@noaa.gov E-mail:
Richard.A.Feely@noaa.gov
3.0 HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
NOAA Ship KA’IMIMOANA will operate in full compliance with all environmental compliance
requirements imposed by NOAA. The
Chief Scientist shall be responsible for complying with MOCDOC 15, Fleet
Environmental Compliance #07, Hazardous Material and Hazardous Waste Management
Requirements for Visiting Scientists, released July 2002. The MOCDOC web site address is:
By Federal regulations and NOAA Marine and
Aviation Operations policy, the ship may not sail without a complete inventory
of all hazardous materials by name and the anticipated quantity brought aboard,
MSDS and appropriate neutralizing agents, buffers, and/or absorbents in amounts
adequate to address spills of a size equal to the amount of chemicals brought
aboard and a chemical hygiene plan. The
amount of hazardous material arriving and leaving the vessel shall be accounted
for by the Chief Scientist. NOAA Ship KA’IMIMOANA Environmental Compliance Officer will work with the Chief
Scientist to ensure that this management policy is properly executed, and that
any problems are brought promptly to the attention of the Commanding Officer.
3.1 Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
All hazardous materials require a Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS). Copies of all MSDS’s shall be
forwarded to the ship at least two weeks prior to sailing. The Chief Scientist shall have copies of each
MSDS available when the hazardous materials are loaded aboard. Hazardous material for which the MSDS is not
provided will not be loaded aboard.
3.2 HAZMAT Inventory
The Chief Scientist will complete a local inventory form, provided
by the Commanding Officer, indicating the amount of each material brought
onboard, and for which the Chief Scientist is responsible. This inventory shall be updated at departure,
accounting for the amount of material being removed, as well as the amount
consumed in science operations and the amount being removed in the form of
waste. Where
applicable, the amounts of neutralizing agents, buffers and absorbents brought
onboard shall also be noted on the inventory.
3.3 HAZMAT Locker
The ship’s dedicated HAZMAT Locker contains two 45-gallon capacity
flammable cabinets and one 22-gallon capacity flammable cabinet, plus some
available storage on the deck. Unless
there are dedicated storage lockers (meeting OSHA/NFPA standards) in each van,
all HAZMAT, except small amounts for ready use, must be stored in the HAZMAT
Locker.
3.4 HAZMAT Spill Response
The scientific party, under the supervision of the Chief Scientist,
shall be prepared to respond fully to emergencies involving spills of any
mission HAZMAT. This includes providing
properly-trained personnel for response, as well as the necessary neutralizing
chemicals and clean-up materials. Ship’s
personnel are not first responders and will act in a support role only, in the
event of a spill.
3.5 Responsibilities
The Chief Scientist is directly responsible for the proper
handling, both administrative and physical, of all scientific party hazardous
wastes. No liquid wastes shall be
introduced into the ship’s drainage system.
No solid waste material shall be placed in the ship’s garbage. Ancillary
Projects shall properly train their personnel in hazardous material handling
and disposal.
3.6 Ancillary Projects Hazardous Materials
1.
Mercuric Chloride solution 400 ml Scripps/PMEL
2.
Mercuric Chloride powder 30
g Scripps/PMEL
3. CO2
cylinder 2-AL30 PMEL
4. LithX 1-Pail PMEL
5. Acetone 16
l MBARI
6. CO2
cylinder 7-K
cylinders PMEL
Appendices:
A.
Operations Spreadsheet
B.
Trackline
C.
Mooring
Equipment Weight List