TROPICAL ATMOSPHERE-OCEAN (TAO) PROGRAM
FINAL
CRUISE INSTRUCTIONS
FOR
KA-04-02 (GP2-04-KA)
April 27 – June 2, 2004
TAO
Program Director
Dr.
Michael J. McPhaden
PMEL,
TAO Project Office
7600
Sand Point Way NE
Seattle,
WA 98115
Area: Equatorial Pacific
Itinerary:
KA-04-02 Manzanillo, Mexico dep. 27 April
2004
Nuku Hiva, Marquises arr. 16 May 2004
Nuku Hiva, Marquises dep.
19 May 2004
Honolulu, Hawaii arr. 02
June 2004
CRUISE
DESCRIPTION
General
guidelines are contained in the TAO Program Standard Operating Instructions for
NOAA Ship KA’IMIMOANA dated June 28, 2002.
Cruise Objective and Plan:
The
objective of this cruise is the maintenance of the TAO Array along the 125°W
and 140°W meridians. A DART mooring will also be serviced at 8.5ºS
125ºW and a PMEL/TAO test mooring deployed at 2ºN 140ºW. The scientific complement for the
cruise will embark in Manzanillo, Mexico on April 24. The ship will depart on April 27, 2004 to commence operations as
listed in Appendix A. The ship will
stop in Nuku Hiva, Marquises on or about May 16-19. One scientist (Shepherd) will depart the ship in Nuku Hiva. After completion of operations, KA’IMIMOANA
will proceed to Honolulu, Hawaii arriving on or about June 2, 2004. All dates and times referred to in these
cruise instructions are in Pacific Standard Time (PST).
PMC Operations: TAO Operations
Manager:
Larry
Mordock LCDR
Chris Beaverson, NOAA
NOAA/MOC-Pacific
(MOC-P1x3) PMEL, TAO, R/E/PM
1801
Fairview Ave. East 7600
Sand Point Way NE
Seattle,
WA 98102-3767 Seattle, WA 98115-0070
(206)
553-4764 (206)
526-6403
Larry.Mordock@noaa.gov Chris.Beaverson@noaa.gov
1.0
PERSONNEL
1.1 CHIEF SCIENTIST AND PARTICIPATING
SCIENTISTS:
Chief
Scientist: Andrew
Shepherd April 27 - May 16
Patrick
A’Hearn May 17 – June
2
DART
Program Lead: Kendall Michel
The
Chief Scientist is authorized to revise or alter the scientific portion of the
cruise plan as work progresses provided that, after consultation with the
Commanding Officer, it is ascertained that the proposed changes will not: (1)
jeopardize the safety of personnel or the ship; (2) exceed the overall time
allotted for the cruise; (3) result in undue additional expenses; (4) alter the
general intent of these instructions. A
list of participating scientists follows.
All participating scientists will submit a medical history form and be
medically approved before embarking.
Participating Scientists
Name Sex Nationality Affiliation
1. Andrew Shepherd M USA NOAA/PMEL
2. Patrick A’Hearn M USA NOAA/PMEL
3. Brian Powers M USA NOAA/PMEL
4. Curran Fey M USA NOAA/PMEL
5. Kendall Michael M USA NOAA/NDBC
(SAIC)
6. David Parrett M USA NOAA/NDBC
(SAIC)
7. Jon Laslett M USA MBARI
2.0 OPERATIONS
Mooring
Operations are scheduled to be conducted as shown in Appendix A. Operations will be conducted from 8°N
- 120°W to 8.5°S
- 120°W and 5°S - 140°W to 8°N 140°W. The following mooring operations are
anticipated, though the work may be changed by direction of the Chief
Scientist, in consultation with the Commanding Officer.
Location Mooring Type Operation
8°N
125°W ATLAS II -
Taut Recovery/Deploy
5°N
125°W ATLAS II -
Taut Repair. Swap wind.
2°N
125°W ATLAS II -
Taut Visit, Insert,
Fairings
0°N
125°W ATLAS II -
Taut Recovery/Deploy,
Insert, fairings and CO2
2°S
125°W ATLAS II -
Taut Recover/Deploy
5°S
125°W ATLAS II -
Taut Recover/Deploy
8°S
125°W ATLAS II -
Taut Visit
8.5°S
125°W DART Swap
surface buoy
Recover/Deploy
BPR
5°S 140°W ATLAS II - Taut Visit
2°S 140°W ATLAS II - Taut Recovery/Deploy
0° 140°W ATLAS II - Taut Recovery/Deploy,
Insert, fairings, CO2 mods
Sentinel
ADCP embedded in toroid.
Avoid
subsurface ADCP
Location Mooring Type Operation
2°N 140°W ATLAS II - Taut Repair,
Insert and fairings. Dump RAM
2°N 140°W Test mooring Deploy
test mooring 4-10 nm from ATLAS II.
Insert and fairings
5°N 140°W ATLAS II - Taut Recover/Deploy. Insert, fairings.
5°N 140°W Test Mooring Repair, swap tube and sensors.
Add
custom top section (on buoyride).
9°N 140°W ATLAS II - Taut Recover/Deploy
No
position since 16 Feb 2004.
2.01
CTD
At
a minimum, 1000 meter CTD casts shall be conducted at each mooring site between
12° N and 8° S for sensor inter‑comparison
purposes. As time permits, additional
or deeper CTD’s should be conducted whenever addition of the CTD’s will not
impact scheduled mooring work. For
example, if the ship would arrive at the next mooring site in the middle of the
night, it is preferable to do CTD’s on the way, rather than remain hove to waiting
for daylight. Another example would be
when mooring operations are significantly ahead of schedule. Beyond those at mooring sites, CTD’s should
be conducted in the following order of priority:
-
1000m CTD’s at one degree latitude intervals between 12°
N and 8° S , along the ship’s
trackline.
-
Extend 1000m CTD’s at mooring sites to a minimum of 3000m or a maximum depth of
200m from bottom. 4 to 6 deep casts are
optimal, occurring at the beginning and end of the cruise as well as at both
equatorial sites.
-
1000m CTD’s every one‑half degree of latitude between 3°N
and 3°S
-
Additional calibration CTD’s to be determined by Chief Scientist.
In
order to reduce the cost of standard water needed to calibrate CTD data, the number of salinity samples has been
reduced. PMEL proposes taking 8
samples per station instead of 12; not sampling ½ degree stations; and running
40 samples per standard instead of 36.
Questions regarding these revised procedures should be directed to
Kristy McTaggart. Patrick A’Hearn will
be bringing an O2 sensor to be installed and tested on the CTD prior to the
final casts of this cruise - in preparation for use on GP3 (155W/170W).
2.02 DART Mooring operations
The DART project was conceived to
provide deep-ocean bottom pressure measurements in real-time for the early
detection of tsunamis, for assessing and forecasting the threat to coastal
communities, and to reduce the frequency of costly evacuations due to false
alarms. DART station locations have
been chosen to detect tsunami’s generated by earthquakes in the Alaska-Aleutian
Subduction Zone, in the Cascadia Subduction Zone, and off the coasts of
Kamchatka and South America; regions with known destructive tsunami generating
potential. At these stations,
deep-ocean bottom pressure measurements are acoustically transmitted from a
Bottom Pressure Recorder (BPR) to a surface buoy. The data are then sent to shore-based receivers through a
satellite communications link. Quality
control checks are performed on these data which are then displayed on the
world wide web (www), URL http://www.ndbc.noaa.gov/dart.shtml
At the 8.5ºS 125ºW DART site, the surface mooring will be
serviced (buoy swapped) and the bottom anchored instrument package will be
recovered and redeployed. Station depth is approximately 4500 m. It is requested that the mooring be brought on deck with the
anchor still attached and the surface float exchanged. A complete surface buoy and tower will be
assembled in Manzanillo prior to departure and stored on board until
deployment. The recovered surface &
sub-surface mooring can be broken down and stored in a convenient location to lessen
the impact on subsequent operations. All
equipment will be destaged in Honolulu.
Station Locations:
DART Surface Mooring 8.49ºN
125.017ºW
DART BPR 8.293ºN 125.008ºW
Contact:: Shannon
McArthur
NOAA - NWS – National Data Buoy Center
Stennis Space Center, MS 39529-6000
Telephone:
(228) 688-2830
E-mail: Shannon.McArthur@noaa.gov
2.03 Monterey Bay Aquarium Research
Institute (MBARI) Chlorophyll and Nutrients
Phytoplankton
biomass work consisting of chlorophyll extractions and nutrients samples will
be collected from CTD rosette at 0, 10, 25, 40, 60, 100, 150 and 200m. The
total volume used from each bottle, including rinses is approximately one
liter; except for the surface bottle, which will require approximately three
liters. This requires use of the
sink/bench area of the wet lab for filtration purposes. Chlorophyll samples will be measured
on-board using a bench-top fluorometer
which will require use of the salinometer room. Nutrient samples (sea water) will be stored
in the science hold and off-loaded upon return.
2.04 Bloomsburg University Barnacle Census
No barnacles will be
collected on this cruise. The
Bloomsburg barnacle census project does not plan to participate on TAO cruises
in calendar year 2004.
2.05 Atlantic Oceanographic and
Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) Surface Drifters
The Global Drifter Center
at NOAA/AOML requests drifter deployments on an ancillary basis. The drifters are small, easily deployed
devices which are tracked by Argos and provide Sea Surface Temperature (SST)
and mixed layer currents. The global
array of drifters provides SST ground truth for NOAA’s polar orbiting satellite
AVHRR SST maps. They also provide data
to operational meteorological and ocean models, and research ocean current data
sets. AOML drifters are scheduled at
the following positions:
2°N 125°W; 0° 125°W; 2°S 125°W
0° 140°W
Craig Engler, Global Drifter Center, NOAA/AOML
305‑361‑4439 (office) or 305‑361‑4392
(fax)
Craig.Engler@noaa.gov or http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/
2.06 Pacific Marine Environmetal Lab (PMEL)
Argo profiling CTD floats
Five Argo floats are scheduled for deployment on this
cruise. Individual deployment
positions can be shifted by a degree or so along the
ship track if more
convenient.
Each float weighs about 56 lbs.
Boxes are numbered sequentially in order of deployment. The boxes weigh about 200 lbs. full and are
82” long x 17” high x 23” long. Boxes cannot
be stored or transported on their small ends.
The floats are sensitive to high temperatures, so as space for a pair of
floats becomes available
on the computer lab rack, it will be desirable to
move floats from the
next box to the rack at the earliest convenient
time. A manual for
float-testing and deployment has been sent to the ship.
Float deployment locations
are as follows:
Float id Lat Long
1239 10N 122W
1238 4S
125W
1237 5S 140W
1236 1S 140W
1234 10N 143W
Argo float questions
should be directed to:
Gregory Johnson or Elizabeth Steffen
NOAA/PMEL NOAA/PMEL
(206) 526-6806 (206)
526-6747
Gregory.C.Johnson@noaa.gov Elizabeth.Steffen@noaa.gov
2.06 Discreet gas
sampler
Whole air samples are cryogenically dried and pumped into glass
flasks by an automated system in the computer lab. Following the cruise, the flasks are returned to Princeton
University for analysis by prepaid FEDEX.
Pairs of flasks are collected while the ship is underway at 8N, 4N, 0,
4S and 8S along the 125ºW and 140ºW lines.
Automated sampling cycle is approximately 5 hours. It is anticipated that the Survey Technician
will perform the maintenance tasks. The
contact for this project is:
Michael Bender, Princeton
University
(609) 258-2936 bender@geo.princeton.edu
2.07 Dissolved inorganic carbon analysis
(DIC)
A 0.5 liter sea water sample from surface CTD
casts will be taken and stored for later dissolved inorganic carbon
analysis. Sample jars and mercury
chloride solution will be provided by Scripps institute of Oceanography. Samples for GP1 and GP2 will be stored on board until the ship
returns to Honolulu. It is anticipated
that the survey technician, together with MBARI personnel will take the
samples. A small bench-top drill press
is installed on the ship to assist with the bottle capping process. Samples will be shipped to Scripps at the
conclusion of GP2 in Honolulu. The contacts for this project are:
Dr. Andrew Dickson Dr.
Richard Feely
Scripps Institution of Oceanography NOAA/PMEL
University of California, San Diego 7600 Sand Point Way NE
Room 203 -- Vaughan Hall Seattle, Washington 98115
8675 Discovery Way
La Jolla, CA 92037 Tel
(206) 526-6214
Tel: (858)
534-2582
Email: adickson@ucsd.edu Richard.A.Feely@noaa.gov
3.0 Hazardous Materials
The Chief
Scientist is responsible for the proper and safe storage of scientific
hazardous material and complying with NC Instruction 6280B, Hazardous Materials
and Hazardous Waste Policy, Guidance, and Training, dated May 8, 1991. This
includes the requirement for the Chief Scientist to remove all scientific team
hazardous materials and waste at the end of the cruise.
3.1 Ancillary Projects Hazardous Materials
1. Acetone 12
Liters MBARI
2.
Hydrochloric Acid (HCL) 6
Liters MBARI
3. Mercuric Chloride solution (saturated with
30 grams) 400 ML Scripps/PMEL
4. Mercuric Chloride powder 30
g Scripps/PMEL
Appendices:
B.
Trackline
C.
Mooring Equipment Weight
List
D.
DART Equipment Inventory
Appendix D DART Equipment Inventory
April/May 2004
Hawaiian DART Cruise – Ka’Imimoana |
||||
Equipment |
Qty |
Weight |
Total Weight |
Dimensions |
Buoy, Tsunami |
1 |
1750 |
1750 |
103" Diameter, Each |
BPR, platform |
1 |
400 |
400 |
35" x 48", Each |
BPR, anchor |
1 |
800 |
800 |
35" x 48", Each |
Tower |
1 |
300 |
300 |
90" x 74" x 42", Each |
Bridle |
1 |
450 |
450 |
48" x 48", Each |
Leads |
10 |
30 |
300 |
48" x 48", Each |
Basket, floats, chain, & transducers |
2 |
325 |
650 |
45" x 48", Each |
Boxes, Electronics, DART |
11 |
Approx 170 |
1835 |
28" x 26", Each |
Wooden boxes w/misc mooring rope |
2 |
119 |
238 |
48" x 48", Each |
|
TOTAL WEIGHT |
6723 |
|