TROPICAL ATMOSPHERE-OCEAN (TAO) PROGRAM
FINAL

CRUISE INSTRUCTIONS

FOR

KA-01-03 (GP2-01-KA)

March 26 - May 3, 2001



TAO Program Director
Dr. Michael J. McPhaden
PMEL, TAO Project Office
7600 Sand Point Way NE
Seattle, WA 98115

Area: Eastern Equatorial Pacific

Itinerary:
KA-01-03 San Diego, CA dep. 26 Mar 2001
San Diego, CA arr. 03 May 2001

CRUISE DESCRIPTION

General guidelines are contained in the TAO Program Standard Operating Instructions for NOAA Ship KA'IMIMOANA dated June 9, 2000.

Cruise Objective and Plan:

The objective of this cruise is the maintenance of the TAO Array along the 95 and 110W meridians. The scientific complement will embark in San Diego, California and depart aboard KA'IMIMOANA on March 26, 2001 to commence operations as listed in Appendix A. After completion of operations, KA'IMIMOANA will proceed to San Diego, California arriving on or about May 3, 2000. All dates and times referred to in these cruise instructions are in Pacific Daylight Savings Time (-7 GMT).


PMC Operations: TAO Operations Manager:
Larry Mordock LCDR Chris Beaverson, NOAA
NOAA/PMC (PMC1x3) PMEL, TAO, R/E/PM
1801 Fairview Ave. East 7600 Sand Point Way NE
Seattle, WA 98102-3767 Seattle, WA 98115-0070
(206) 553-4764 (206) 526-6403
Larry.Mordock@noaa.gov Chris.Beaverson@noaa.gov



1.0 PERSONNEL

1.1 CHIEF SCIENTIST AND PARTICIPATING SCIENTISTS:

Chief Scientist: David Zimmerman

The Chief Scientist is authorized to revise or alter the scientific portion of the cruise plan as work progresses provided that, after consultation with the Commanding Officer, it is ascertained that the proposed changes will not: (1) jeopardize the safety of personnel or the ship; (2) exceed the overall time allotted for the cruise; (3) result in undue additional expenses; (4) alter the general intent of these instructions. A list of participating scientists follows in this set of specific cruise instructions. All participating scientists will submit a medical history form and be medically approved before embarking.

Participating Scientists

Name Sex Nationality Affiliation

1. David Zimmerman M USA NOAA/PMEL
2. Brian Powers M USA NOAA/PMEL
3. Mike Craig M USA NOAA/PMEL
4. Dana Lane F USA NOAA/ETL
5. Casey Anderson M USA NOAA/PMEL
6. Justin Derbes M USA MBARI


2.0 OPERATIONS

Mooring Operations are scheduled to be conducted as shown in Appendix A. Operations will be conducted from 8N - 110W to 8S - 110W and thence to 8S - 95W to 12N - 95W. The following mooring operations are anticipated, though the work may be changed by direction of the Chief Scientist, in consultation with the Commanding Officer.

Location Mooring Type Operation

8N 110W Tautline ATLAS II Repair (Tube and Wind)
Haruphone Avoid

5N 110W Tautline ATLAS II Recover/Deploy

2N 110W Tautline ATLAS II Repair (Tube) (Floatation Insert/Faired 0-250m)

0 110W Tautline ATLAS II Recover/Deploy (Floatation Insert/Faired 0-250m)
0 110W Subsurface ADCP Recover/Deploy
0 110W Haruphone Avoid

2S 110W Tautline ATLAS II Repair (Tube)

5S 110W Tautline ATLAS II Recover/Deploy

8S 110W Tautline ATLAS II Recover/Deploy
Haruphone Avoid

8S 95W Tautline ATLAS II-E Recover/Deploy
Haruphone Avoid

5S 95W Tautline ATLAS II Recover/Deploy

2S 95W Tautline ATLAS II-E Repair ATRH and anemometer

0 95W Tautline ATLAS II-E Repair ATRH (Floatation Insert/Faired 0-250m)
Haruphone Avoid

2N 95W Tautline ATLAS II Deploy or Repair (not transmitting)
Note: Floatation Insert/Faired 0-250m

3.5N 95W Tautline ATLAS II-E Recover/Deploy (Floatation Insert/Faired 0-250m)

5N 95W Tautline ATLAS II-E Repair (Swap anemometer)

8N 95W Tautline ATLAS II-E Repair (Diver added ARG at 18m)
Haruphone Avoid

10N 95W Tautline ATLAS II-E Deploy or Repair (subsurface intermit)

12N 95W Tautline ATLAS II-E Recover/Deploy
Haruphone Avoid

2.1.1 East Pacific Investigation of Climate Processes in the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere System (EPIC)

Enhancements to the TAO 95W observing system as noted in Section 2.1 above will incorporate a suite of meteorological sensors, including short and long wave radiometers, rain and barometric pressure; additional subsurface temperature sensors; surface and subsurface conductivity sensors and current meters. Three new moorings sites were deployed in the fall of 1999 along 95W at 3.5N, 10N and 12N. These three new sites have the EPIC suite of sensor enhancements, as well as a full set of operational TAO measurements.

2.1.1 Diver Installed Acoustic Rain Gauge at 8N/95W

An acoustic rain gauge (developed by the University of Washington Applied Physics Laboratory) to be attached to the Nilspin cable at 18 m (can be attached between 18m and 10m water depth, 18 meters is preferred. Dive to be completed only if weather permits. Ship's diver support is requested for this operation.

Principal investigators:

Dr Meghan Cronin, PMEL 206-526-6449 meghan.f.cronin@noaa.gov



2.2 Bloomsburg University Barnacle Census

Barnacles will be collected in accordance with TAO Standard Operating Instructions. A pre and post cruise inventory of Hazardous Materials (Hazmat) brought aboard and offloaded from the ship will be given to the Chief Scientist and Commanding Officer. All Hazardous Materials will be properly labeled as to content, Hazmat classification and cruise number.

2.3 Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) Underway Mapping

2.3.1 Underway Mapping

The MBARI underway-mapping system (temperature and fluorescence) will be on-line and running throughout this cruise. Phytoplankton work consisting of chlorophyll and nutrient extractions will be extracted from CTD water samples at 0, 10, 25, 40, 60, 100, 150 and 200m. The total volume used from each bottle, including rinses is approximately one liter except for the surface bottle which will require approximately three liters. This requires use of the sink/bench area of the wet lab.

2.4 Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) Surface Drifters and Scripps SOLO floats

The Global Drifter Center at NOAA/AOML requests drifter deployments on an ancillary basis. The drifters are small, easily deployed devices which are tracked by Argos and provide Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and mixed layer currents. The global array of drifters provides SST ground truth for NOAA's polar orbiting satellite AVHRR SST maps. They also provide data to operational meteorological and ocean models, and research ocean current data sets.

Most often, drifter deployments are requested when crossing 00 30.0N, the Equator, and 00 30.0S. Drifter deployments are frequently requested at other locations along the cruise track. Typically, less than 12 deployments are requested on a cruise. The deployments should have little or no impact upon primary ship operations. Questions should be directed to:

Craig Engler, Global Drifter Center, NOAA/AOML
305-361-4439 (office) or 305-361-4392 (fax)

Craig.Engler@noaa.gov or http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/

SOLO floats to be deployed at 5S/95W, 0/95W, 5N/95W, 10N/95W, 12N/95W and when crossing 14N during return transit to San Diego.

2.5 Continuous O2 Measurements & Dissolved Gas Analysis (Princeton)

Automated analyzer to be installed in the computer laboratory by Mark Battle (Bowdoin College). Underway maintenance to be completed by scientific party.

2.6 Environmental Technology Laboratory - Flux Measurements

The Environmental Technology Laboratory (ETL) Flux system includes a variety of bulk meteorological sensors, radiative fluxes, S-band radar, cloud ceilometer, rawinsonde system, and a microwave radiometer. With the exception of sonde launches, Dana Lane will be responsible for ETL underway operations.

2.6.1 ETL Systems and Responsibilities

The ETL group will work with the Field Operations Officer and/or ship's force to identify appropriate sensor and computer installation locations, along with cables runs. ETL instruments will be installed and operated in a not to interfere mode with buoy operations.

A portable Vaisala rawinsonde system and computer will be installed in the main computer lab. Exterior storage space is required for sondes and helium bottles. Sonde launches will be done from the aft area of the 02 deck.

2.6.2 ETL Laboratory and Work Space

Laboratory work space is required primarily for the instrument data systems whose sensors are positioned outside. All systems do not need to be in the same location. One unit of computer space is defined as counter-top space 2 feet wide, 30 inches deep, and 3 feet high. First choice for ETL data system is the main computer lab. Space requirements are:

Sensor Sensor Location Best Lab Units Needed Station Type

Ceilometer Bridge deck rail MCL 1 PC
S-band radar Centerline Bridge deck MCL 1 PC
Retractable Outrigger Port rail aft of foredeck MCL 1 PC
Mailbox radiometer Bridge deck rail W-Lab 1 Laptop
Rawinsonde system Main Computer Lab MCL 2 PC
Launched from 02 deck

MCL = Main Computer Lab
W-Lab = Wet lab

2.6.3 ETL Remote Sensor Operations

These systems are engineered to operate continuously and unattended except for data storage media exchanges. The microwave radiometer will be calibrated during clear conditions by performing 'tip curves' where the reflector is tilted to receive radiation from several different zenith angles. The S-band radar and ceilometer will produce screen images of recent measurements.

Principle Investigator:
Dr. Christopher W. Fairall, OAR/ETL 303-497-3253 Christopher.W.Fairall@noaa.gov

2.7 Atmospheric Soundings

PACS is sponsoring a project to resume atmospheric soundings during buoy operations in the eastern equatorial Pacific. The primary data collection will consist of four soundings a day (nominally at 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 Z) while along the 95W and 110W transects between 8N and 8S. The region of greatest interest is between about the equator and 5N along each line. Twice-daily soundings (at 0000 and 1200 Z) will be collected on the day prior to arriving at 8N, 95W , the day after departing 8N, 110W, and during the transit from 8S, 95W to 8S, 110W. These soundings can be collected while the ship is either on station or making way.

The soundings will be made using the Vaisala receiving station, following standard launch procedures. Since it is the lowest portion of the atmosphere that is of greatest interest, any sonde that reaches as high as 500 mb will be considered successful. Kim Hinds will be responsible for sonde launches. It is requested that the Chief Survey Technician review with Hinds specific KA'IMIMOANA sonde launching procedures. It is recognized that this work is to be carried out on a not to interfere basis with the primary project.

Principle Investigator:
Dr. Nicholas Bond, PMEL/JISAO 206-526-6459 nickolas.a.bond@noaa.gov

3.0 Hazardous Materials

The Chief Scientist is responsible for the proper and safe storage of scientific hazardous material and complying with NC Instruction 6280B, Hazardous Materials and Hazardous Waste Policy, Guidance, and Training, dated May 8, 1991. This includes the requirement for the Chief Scientist to remove all scientific team hazardous materials and waste at the end of the cruise.

3.1 Ancillary Projects Hazardous Materials

1. Acetone 12 Liters MBARI
2. Hydrochloric Acid (HCL) 6 Liters MBARI
3. Formalin (50% stored in Wx deck Hazmat locker) 30 Liters Bloomsburg University
(diluted to 5% working solution for wet lab use)
4. Compressed helium gas 18 cylinders PMEL, OERD

D. ETL Equipment List
E. ETL Instrument Positioning