TROPICAL ATMOSPHERE-OCEAN (TAO) PROGRAM
FINAL
CRUISE INSTRUCTIONS
FOR
KA-04-01
March 18 - April 26, 2004
TAO
Program Director
Dr.
Michael J. McPhaden
PMEL,
TAO Project Office
7600
Sand Point Way NE
Seattle,
WA 98115
Area: Equatorial Pacific
Itinerary:
KA-04-01 Seattle, WA (transit) dep. 18 March 2004
San
Diego, CA arr. 23 March
2004
San Diego, CA dep. 24 March
2004
Manzanillo, Mexico arr. 26 April 2004
CRUISE
DESCRIPTION
General
guidelines are contained in the TAO Program Standard Operating Instructions for
NOAA Ship KA’IMIMOANA dated June 28, 2002.
Cruise Objective and Plan:
The
objective of this cruise is the maintenance of the TAO Array along the 110°W
and 95°W meridians. The ship will transit from Seattle, WA to
San Diego, CA. During this
transit, PMEL will provide CTD and
underway CO2 training. The scientific
complement for the TAO cruise will
embark in San Diego, California on March 23.
The ship will depart on March
24, 2004 to commence operations as listed in Appendix A. After completion of operations, KA’IMIMOANA
will proceed to Manzanillo, Mexico arriving on or about April 26, 2004. All dates and times referred to in these
cruise instructions are in Pacific Standard Time (PST).
PMC Operations: TAO Operations Manager:
Larry
Mordock LCDR
Chris Beaverson, NOAA
NOAA/MOC-Pacific
(MOC-P1x3) PMEL, TAO, R/E/PM
1801
Fairview Ave. East 7600 Sand Point Way NE
Seattle,
WA 98102-3767 Seattle, WA 98115-0070
(206)
553-4764 (206)
526-6403
Larry.Mordock@noaa.gov Chris.Beaverson@noaa.gov
1.0
PERSONNEL
1.1 CHIEF SCIENTIST AND PARTICIPATING
SCIENTISTS:
Transit
from Seattle to San Diego, March 18 to 23:
Name Sex Nationality Affiliation
1. Kristy McTaggart F USA NOAA/PMEL
2. Cathy Cosca F USA NOAA/PMEL
3. Randy Ramey M USA NOAA/MOC-P
4. Lillian Stewart F USA NOAA/MOC-P
5. CDR Barb
Schoen F USA USPHS/MOC-P
6. Jim Schell M USA NOAA/MOC-P
KA-04-01 San Diego, CA to Manzanillo, MX, March 24 to
April 26:
Chief
Scientist: Dave Zimmerman
The
Chief Scientist is authorized to revise or alter the scientific portion of the
cruise plan as work progresses provided that, after consultation with the
Commanding Officer, it is ascertained that the proposed changes will not: (1)
jeopardize the safety of personnel or the ship; (2) exceed the overall time
allotted for the cruise; (3) result in undue additional expenses; (4) alter the
general intent of these instructions. A
list of participating scientists follows.
All participating scientists will submit a medical history form and be
medically approved before embarking.
Participating Scientists
Name Sex Nationality Affiliation
1. Dave Zimmerman M USA NOAA/PMEL
2. Brian Powers M USA NOAA/PMEL
3. Tricia Sawatsky F USA NOAA/PMEL
4. Jon Laslett M USA MBARI
5. Bolivar G. Maldonado M Ecuador INOCAR
2.0 OPERATIONS
Mooring
Operations are scheduled to be conducted as shown in Appendix A. Operations will be conducted from 8°N
- 110°W to 8°S
- 110°W and 8°S - 95°W to 8°N 95°W. The following mooring operations are
anticipated, though the work may be changed by direction of the Chief
Scientist, in consultation with the Commanding Officer.
Location Mooring Type Operation
8°N
110°W ATLAS
II - Taut Recovery/Deploy
5°N
110°W ATLAS
II - Taut Recovery/Deploy
2°N
110°W ATLAS
II - Taut Recover/Deploy, Insert, Fairings
Mooring moved 15 nm west
0°N
110°W ATLAS
II - Taut Recovery/Deploy, Insert, fairings
Avoid ADCP
2°S
110°W ATLAS
II - Taut Repair. Add BP,
dump ram.
Location Mooring Type Operation
5°S
110°W ATLAS
II - Taut Visit
8°S
110°W ATLAS
II - Taut Recovery/Deploy
8°S
95°W ATLAS
II - Taut Visit
5°S 95°W ATLAS II - Taut Visit
2°S 95°W ATLAS II - Taut Recovery/Deploy
0° 95°W ATLAS II - Taut Recovery/Deploy
2°N 95°W ATLAS II - Taut Repair. Swap rain, dump ram.
Insert and fairings.
5°N
95°W ATLAS II - Taut Repair. Swap RMY, dump ram.
8°N 95°W ATLAS II - Taut Recover/Deploy
2.01
CTD
At
a minimum, 1000 meter CTD casts shall be conducted at each mooring site between
12° N and 8° S for sensor inter‑comparison
purposes. As time permits, additional
or deeper CTD's should be conducted whenever addition of the CTD’s will not
impact scheduled mooring work. For
example, if the ship would arrive at the next mooring site in the middle of the
night, it is preferable to do CTD’s on the way, rather than remain hove to
waiting for daylight. Another example
would be when mooring operations are significantly ahead of schedule. Beyond those at mooring sites, CTD's should
be conducted in the following order of priority:
-
1000m CTD’s at one degree latitude intervals between 12°
N and 8° S , along the ship's
trackline.
-
Extend 1000m CTD’s at mooring sites to a minimum of 3000m or a maximum depth of
200m from bottom. 4 to 6 deep casts are
optimal, occurring at the beginning and end of the cruise as well as at both
equatorial sites.
-
1000m CTD’s every one‑half degree of latitude between 3°N
and 3°S
-
Additional calibration CTD’s to be determined by Chief Scientist.
In
order to reduce the cost of standard water needed to calibrate CTD data, the number of salinity samples has been
reduced. PMEL proposes taking 8
samples per station instead of 12; not sampling 1/2 degree stations; and
running 40 samples per standard instead of 36. Questions regarding these revised procedures should be directed
to Kristy McTaggart.
2.02 Monterey Bay Aquarium Research
Institute (MBARI) Chlorophyll and Nutrients
Phytoplankton
biomass work consisting of chlorophyll extractions and nutrients samples will
be collected from CTD rosette at 0, 10, 25, 40, 60, 100, 150 and 200m. The
total volume used from each bottle, including rinses is approximately one
liter; except for the surface bottle, which will require approximately three
liters. This requires use of the
sink/bench area of the wet lab for filtration purposes. Chlorophyll samples will be measured
on-board using a bench-top fluorometer which will require use of the
salinometer room. Nutrient samples (sea
water) will be stored in the science hold and off-loaded upon return.
2.03 Bloomsburg University Barnacle Census
No barnacles will be
collected on this cruise. The
Bloomsburg barnacle census project does not plan to participate on TAO cruises
in calendar year 2004.
2.04 Atlantic Oceanographic and
Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) Surface Drifters
The Global Drifter Center
at NOAA/AOML requests drifter deployments on an ancillary basis. The drifters are small, easily deployed
devices which are tracked by Argos and provide Sea Surface Temperature (SST)
and mixed layer currents. The global
array of drifters provides SST ground truth for NOAA's polar orbiting satellite
AVHRR SST maps. They also provide data
to operational meteorological and ocean models, and research ocean current data
sets. AOML drifters are scheduled at
the following positions:
TBA
Craig Engler, Global Drifter Center, NOAA/AOML
305‑361‑4439 (office) or 305‑361‑4392
(fax)
Craig.Engler@noaa.gov or http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/
2.05 Pacific Marine Environmetal Lab (PMEL)
Argo profiling CTD floats
Nine Argo floats are scheduled for deployment on this
cruise. These
floats (and 5 more for deployment on the following
cruise, KA-04-02) will be loaded on
the ship with the TAO staging in Seattle. The 9 planned float deployment
locations for this cruise are given below. Individual
deployment
positions can be shifted by a degree or so along the
ship track if more
convenient.
The first 6 floats (numbers 1239-1242,1246, and 1291) scheduled for
deployment will be stored in a computer lab float
rack. Each float weighs about
56 lbs. The
other 8 floats will be stored 2 to a box outside. Boxes
will be numbered sequentially in order of
deployment. The boxes weigh about
200 lbs. full and are 82” long x 17” high x 23”
long. Boxes cannot be
stored or transported on their small ends. The floats are sensitive
to high temperatures, so as space for a pair of
floats becomes available
on the computer lab rack, it will be desirable to
move floats from the
next box to the rack at the earliest convenient
time. A manual for
float-testing and deployment is attached as Appendix D.
Float deployment
locations:
Float id Lat Long
1240 3N 110W
1241 0 N/S 110W
1242 3S 110W
1243 8S 110W
1244 8S 95 W
1245 3S 95W
1291 2N 95W
1289 5N 95W
1290 8N 95W
1288 11N 98W
Argo float questions
should be directed to:
Gregory Johnson or Elizabeth Steffen
NOAA/PMEL NOAA/PMEL
(206) 526-6806 (206)
526-6747
Gregory.C.Johnson@noaa.gov Elizabeth.Steffen@noaa.gov
2.06 Discreet gas
sampler
Whole air samples are cryogenically dried and pumped into glass
flasks by an automated system in the computer lab. Following the cruise, the flasks are returned to Princeton
University for analysis by prepaid FEDEX.
Pairs of flasks are collected while the ship is underway at 8N, 4N, 0,
4S and 8S along the 110W and 95W lines.
Automated sampling cycle is approximately 5 hours. It is anticipated that the Survey Technician
will perform the maintenance tasks. The
contact for this project is:
Michael Bender, Princeton
University
(609) 258-2936 bender@geo.princeton.edu
2.07 Dissolved inorganic carbon analysis
(DIC)
A 0.5 liter sea water sample from surface CTD
casts will be taken and stored for later dissolved inorganic carbon
analysis. Sample jars and mercury
chloride solution will be provided by Scripps institute of Oceanography. Samples for GP7 and GP8 will be stored on board until the ship
returns to Honolulu. It is anticipated
that the survey technician, together with MBARI personnel will take the
samples. A small bench-top drill press
is installed on the ship to assist with the bottle capping process. Samples will be shipped to Scripps at the
conclusion of GP2 in Honolulu.
The contacts for this project are:
Dr. Andrew Dickson Dr.
Richard Feely
Scripps Institution of Oceanography NOAA/PMEL
University of California, San Diego 7600
Sand Point Way NE
Room 203 -- Vaughan Hall Seattle, Washington 98115
8675 Discovery Way
La Jolla, CA 92037 Tel (206) 526-6214
Tel: (858)
534-2582
Email: adickson@ucsd.edu Richard.A.Feely@noaa.gov
3.0 Hazardous Materials
The Chief
Scientist is responsible for the proper and safe storage of scientific
hazardous material and complying with NC Instruction 6280B, Hazardous Materials
and Hazardous Waste Policy, Guidance, and Training, dated May 8, 1991. This
includes the requirement for the Chief Scientist to remove all scientific team
hazardous materials and waste at the end of the cruise.
3.1 Ancillary Projects Hazardous Materials
1. Acetone 12
Liters MBARI
2.
Hydrochloric Acid (HCL) 6
Liters MBARI
3. Mercuric Chloride solution (saturated with
30 grams) 400 ML Scripps/PMEL
4. Mercuric Chloride powder 30 g Scripps/PMEL
Appendices:
A. Operations
Spreadsheet
B. Trackline
C. Mooring
Equipment Weight List
D. PMEL Argo profiling float manual