PMEL Publications Search Results

Search Results:

1968 to Present
Sorted by year: Descending
Author contains: Butterfield

Calendar Year 2013

Cont. #: 3897: Lang, S.Q., G.L. Fruh-Green, S.M. Bernasconi, and D.A. Butterfield (2013): Sources of organic nitrogen at the serpentinite-hosted Lost City hydrothermal field. Geobiology, 11(2), doi: 10.1111/gbi.12026, 154–169.

Calendar Year 2012

Cont. #: 3835: Bourbonnais, A., S.K. Juniper, D.A. Butterfield, A. Devol, M.M.M. Kuypers, G. Lavik, S.J. Hallam, B.X. Chang, C. Wenk, S. Murdock, and M.F. Lehmann (2012): Activity and abundance of denitryfyining bacteria in the subsurface biosphere of diffuse hydrothermal vents of the Juan de Fuca Ridge.. Biogeosciences, 9(11), doi: 10.5194/bg-9-4661-2012, 4661-4678.

Cont. #: 3749: Bourbonnais, A., M.F. Lehmann, D.A. Butterfield, and S.K. Juniper (2012): Subseafloor nitrogen transformations in diffuse hydrothermal vent fluids of the Juan de Fuca Ridge evidenced by the isotopic composition of nitrate and ammonium. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 13, Q02T01, doi: 10.1029/2011GC003863.

Cont. #: 3782: Chadwick, Jr., W.W., S.L. Nooner, D.A. Butterfield, and M.D. Lilley (2012): Seafloor deformation and forecasts of the April 2011 eruption at Axial Seamount. Nature Geosci., 5(7), doi: 10.1038/ngeo1464, 474–477.

Cont. #: 3851: de Ronde, C.E.J., D.A. Butterfield, and M.I. Leybourne (2012): Metallogenesis and mineralization of intraoceanic arcs I: Kermadec arc—Introduction. Econ. Geol., 107, doi: 10.2113/econgeo.107.8.1521, 1521–1525.

Cont. #: 3793: Dziak, R.P., J.H. Haxel, D.R. Bohnenstiehl, W.W. Chadwick, Jr., S.L. Nooner, M.J. Fowler, H. Matsumoto, and D.A.. Butterfield (2012): Seismic precursors and magma ascent before the April 2011 eruption at Axial Seamount. Nature Geosci., 5(7), doi: 10.1038/ngeo1490, 478–482.

Cont. #: 3727: Lang, S.Q., G.L. Früh-Green, S.M. Bernasconi, M.D. Lilley, G. Proskurowski, S. Méhay, and D.A. Butterfield (2012): Microbial utilization of abiogenic hydrogen and carbon in a serpentinite-hosted system. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 92, doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2012.06.006, 82–99.

Cont. #: 3715: Leybourne, M.I., U. Schwarz-Schampera, C.E.J. de Ronde, E.T. Baker, K. Faure, S.L. Walker, D.A. Butterfield, J.A. Resing, J.E. Lupton, M.D. Hannington, H.L. Gibson, G.J. Massoth, R.W. Embley, W.W. Chadwick, Jr., M.R. Clark, C. Timm, I.J. Graham, and I.C. Wright (2012): Submarine magmatic-hydrothermal systems at the Monowai Volcanic Center, Kermadec Arc. Econ. Geol., 107, doi: 10.2113/econgeo.107.8.1669, 1669–1694.

Cont. #: 3797: Ver Eecke, H.C., D.A. Butterfield, J.A. Huber, M.D. Lilley, E.J. Olson, K.K. Roe, L.J. Evans, A.Y. Merkel, H.V. Cantin, and J.F. Holden (2012): Hydrogen-limited growth of hyperthermophilic methanogens at deep-sea hydrothermal vents. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 109(34), doi: 10.1073/pnas.1206632109, 13674–13679.

Calendar Year 2011

Cont. #: 3498: Butterfield, D.A., K. Nakamura, B. Takano, M.D. Lilley, J.E. Lupton, J.A. Resing, and K.K. Roe (2011): High SO₂ flux, sulfur accumulation, and gas fractionation at an erupting submarine volcano. Geology, 39(9), doi: 10.1130/G31901.1, 803–806.

Cont. #: 3664: De Ronde, C.E.J., G.J. Massoth, D.A. Butterfield, B.W. Christenson, J. Ishibashi, R.G. Ditchburn, M.D. Hannington, R.L. Brathwaite, J.E. Lupton, V.S. Kamenetsky, I.J. Graham, G.F. Zellmer, R.P. Dziak, R.W. Embley, V.M. Dekove, F. Munnik, J. Lahr, L.J. Evans, and K. Takai (2011): Submarine hydrothermal activity and gold-rich mineralization at Brothers Volcano, Kermadec Arc, New Zealand. Mineralium Deposita, 46(5–6), doi: 10.1007/s00126-011-0345-8, 541–584.

Cont. #: 3644: Resing, J.A., K.H. Rubin, R.W. Embley, J.E. Lupton, E.T. Baker, R.P. Dziak, T. Baumberger, M. Lilley, J. Huber, T. Shank, D.A. Butterfield, D. Clague, N. Keller, S. Merle, N. Buck, P. Michael, A. Soule, D. Caress, S.L. Walker, R. Davis, J. Cowen, A.-L. Reysenbach, and H. Thomas (2011): Active submarine eruption of boninite in the northeastern Lau Basin. Nature Geosci., 4, doi: 10.1038/NGEO1275, 799–806.

Cont. #: 3639: Shamberger, K.E.F., R.A. Feely, C.L. Sabine, M.J. Atkinson, E.H. DeCarlo, F.T. Mackenzie, P.S Drupp, and D.A. Butterfield (2011): Calcification and organic production on a Hawaiian coral reef. Mar. Chem., 127(1–4), doi: 10.1016/j.marchem.2011.08.003, 64–75.

Calendar Year 2010

Cont. #: 3491: Chadwick, W.W., D.A. Butterfield, R.W. Embley, V. Tunnicliffe, J.A. Huber, S.L. Nooner, and D.A. Clague (2010): Spotlight 1: Axial Seamount. Oceanography, 23(1), doi: 10.5670/oceanog.2010.73, 38–39.

Cont. #: 3490: Chadwick, W.W., R.W. Embley, E.T. Baker, J.A. Resing, J.E. Lupton, K.V. Cashman, R.P. Dziak, V. Tunnicliffe, D.A. Butterfield, and Y. Tamura (2010): Spotlight 10: Northwest Rota-1 Seamount. Oceanography, 23(1), doi: 10.5670/oceanog.2010.82, 182-183.

Cont. #: 3615: Hooft, E., H. Patel, W. Wilcock, K. Becker, D. Butterfield, E. Davis, R. Dziak, M. Lilley, P. McGill, D. Toomey, and D. Stakes (2010): A seismic swarm and regional hydrothermal and hydrological perturbations: the northern Endeavour segment, February 2005. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 11(12), Q12015, doi: 10.1029/2010GC003264.

Cont. #: 3542: Huber, J.A., H.V. Cantin, S.M. Huse, D.B.M. Welch, M.L. Sogin, and D.A. Butterfield (2010): Isolated communities of Epsilonproteobacteria in hydrothermal vent fluids of the Mariana Arc seamounts. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 73(3), doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.00910.x, 538–549.

Cont. #: 3223: Lang, S.Q., D.A. Butterfield, M. Schulte, D.S. Kelley, and M.D. Lilley (2010): Elevated concentrations of formate, acetate and dissolved organic carbon found at the Lost City hydrothermal field. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 74(3), doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2009.10.045, 941–952.

Calendar Year 2009

Cont. #: 3311: Fontaine, F.J., W.S.D. Wilcock, D.E. Foustoukos, and D.A. Butterfield (2009): A Si-Cl geothermobarometer for the reaction zone of high-temperature, basaltic-hosted mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal systems. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 10(5), Q05009, doi: 10.1029/2009GC002407.

Cont. #: 2745: Marcus, J., V. Tunnicliffe, and D.A. Butterfield (2009): Post-eruption succession of macrofaunal communities at diffuse flow hydrothermal vents on Axial Volcano, Juan de Fuca Ridge, Northeast Pacific. Deep-Sea Res. II, 56(19–20), doi: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2009.05.004, 1586–1598.

Cont. #: 3237: Opatkiewicz, A.D., D.A. Butterfield, and J.A. Baross (2009): Individual hydrothermal vents at Axial Seamount harbor distinct subseafloor microbial communities. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 70(3), doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2009.00747.x, 413–424.

Cont. #: 3186: Resing, J.A., E.T. Baker, J.E. Lupton, S.L. Walker, D.A. Butterfield, G.J. Massoth, and K.-I. Nakamura (2009): Chemistry of hydrothermal plumes above submarine volcanoes of the Mariana Arc. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 10(2), Q02009, doi: 10.1029/2008GC002141.

Cont. #: 3286: Tunnicliffe, V., K.T.A. Davies, D.A. Butterfield, R.W. Embley, J.M. Rose, and W.W. Chadwick, Jr. (2009): Survival of mussels in extremely acidic waters on a submarine volcano. Nature Geosci., 2, doi: 10.1038/ngeo500, 344–348.

Calendar Year 2008

Cont. #: 3148: Lupton, J., M. Lilley, D. Butterfield, L. Evans, R. Embley, G. Massoth, B. Christenson, K.-I. Nakamura, and M. Schmidt (2008): Venting of a separate CO₂-rich gas phase from submarine arc volcanoes: Examples from the Mariana and Tonga-Kermadec arcs. J. Geophys. Res., 113, B08S12, doi: 10.1029/2007JB005467.

Cont. #: 3088: Pester, N.J., D.A. Butterfield, D.I. Foustoukos, K.K. Roe, K. Ding, T.M. Shank, and W.E. Seyfried, Jr. (2008): The chemistry of diffuse-flow vent fluids on the Galapagos Rift (86°W): Temporal variability and subseafloor phase equilibria controls. In Magma to Microbe: Modeling Hydrothermal Processes at Oceanic Spreading Centers, AGU Geophysical Monograph 178, 123–144.

Calendar Year 2007

Cont. #: 3002: Carney, S.L., J.F. Flores, K.M. Orobona, D.A. Butterfield, C.R. Fisher, and S.W. Schaeffer (2007): Environmental differences in hemoglobin gene expression in the hydrothermal vent tubework, Ridgeia piscesae. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part B, 146(2), doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2006.11.002, 326–337.

Cont. #: 3162: Embley, R.W., E.T. Baker, D.A. Butterfield, W.W. Chadwick, Jr., J.E. Lupton, J.A. Resing, C.E.J. de Ronde, K.-I. Nakamura, V. Tunnicliffe, J.F. Dower, and S.G. Merle (2007): Exploring the submarine ring of fire: Mariana Arc—Western Pacific. Oceanography, 20(4), doi: 10.5670/oceanog.2007.07, 68–79.

Cont. #: 3050: Fontaine, F.J., W.S.D. Wilcock, and D.A. Butterfield (2007): Physical controls on the salinity of mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal vent fluids. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, 257(1–2), doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2007.02.027, 132–145.

Cont. #: 3047: Huber, J.A., D.B.M. Welch, H.G. Morrison, S.M. Huse, P.R. Neal, D.A. Butterfield, and M.L. Sogin (2007): Microbial population structures in the deep marine biosphere. Science, 318(5847), doi: 10.1126/science.1146689, 97–100.

Cont. #: 3049: Kadko, D., K. Gronvold, and D. Butterfield (2007): Application of radium isotopes to determine crustal residence times of hydrothermal fluids from two sites on the Reykjanes Peninsula, Iceland. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 71(24), doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2007.09.018, 6019–6029.

Cont. #: 3048: Kelly, N., A. Metaxas, and D.A. Butterfield (2007): Spatial and temporal patterns of colonization by deep-sea hydrothermal vent invertebrates on the Juan de Fuca Ridge, NE Pacific. Aquat. Biol., 1, doi: 10.3354/ab00001, 1–16.

Cont. #: 2987: Sharma, M., E. Rosenberg, and D. Butterfield (2007): Search for the proverbial mantle osmium sources to the oceans: Hydrothermal alteration of mid-ocean ridge basalt. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 71(19), doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2007.06.062, 4655-4667.

Calendar Year 2006

Cont. #: 2893: Embley, R.W., W.W. Chadwick, Jr., E.T. Baker, D.A. Butterfield, J.A. Resing, C.E.J. de Ronde, V. Tunnicliffe, J.E. Lupton, S.K. Juniper, K.H. Rubin, R.J. Stern, G.T. Lebon, K.-I. Nakamura, S.G. Merle, J.R. Hein, D.A. Wiens, and Y. Tamura (2006): Long-term eruptive activity at a submarine arc volcano. Nature, 441(7092), doi: 10.1038/nature04762, 494–497.

Cont. #: 2851: Hey, R.N., G.J. Massoth, R.C. Vrijenhoek, P.A. Rona, J. Lupton, and D.A. Butterfield (2006): Hydrothermal vent geology and biology at Earth’s fastest spreading rates. Mar. Geophys. Res., 27(2), doi: 10.1007/s11001-005-1887-x, 137–153.

Cont. #: 2797: Huber, J.A., D.A. Butterfield, and J.A. Baross (2006): Diversity and distribution of subseafloor Thermococcales populations in diffuse hydrothermal vents at an active deep-sea volcano in the northeast Pacific Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 111, G04016, doi: 10.1029/2005JG000097.

Cont. #: 2742: Huber, J.A., H.P. Johnson, D.A. Butterfield, and J.A. Baross (2006): Microbial life in ridge flank crustal fluids. Environ. Microbiol., 8(1), doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2005.00872.x, 88–99.

Cont. #: 2781: Lang, S.Q., D.A. Butterfield, M.D. Lilley, H.P. Johnson, and J.I. Hedges (2006): Dissolved organic carbon in ridge-axis and ridge-flank hydrothermal systems. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 70(15), doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2006.04.031, 3830–3842.

Cont. #: 2973: Ludwig, K., D.S. Kelley, D.A. Butterfield, B.K. Nelson, and G. Früh-Green (2006): Formation and evolution of carbonate chimneys at the Lost City Hydrothermal Field. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 70(14), doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2006.04.016, 3625–3645.

Cont. #: 2843: Lupton, J., D. Butterfield, M. Lilley, L. Evans, K.-I. Nakamura, W. Chadwick, Jr., J. Resing, R. Embley, E. Olson, G. Proskurowski, E. Baker, C. de Ronde, K. Roe, R. Greene, G. Lebon, and C. Young (2006): Submarine venting of liquid carbon dioxide on a Mariana Arc volcano. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 7, Q08007, doi: 10.1029/2005GC001152.

Cont. #: 2999: Nielsen, S.G., M. Rehkämper, D.A.H. Teagle, D.A. Butterfield, J.C. Alt, and A.N. Halliday (2006): Hydrothermal fluid fluxes calculated from the isotopic mass balance of thallium in the ocean crust. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 251(1–2), 120–133, doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2006.09.002.

Calendar Year 2005

Cont. #: 2723: Kelley, D.S., J.A. Karson, G.L. Früh-Green, D. Yoerger, T.M. Shank, D.A. Butterfield, J.M. Hayes, M.O. Schrenk, E. Olson, G. Proskurowski, M. Jakuba, A. Bradley, B. Larson, K. Ludwig, D. Glickson, K. Buckman, A.S. Bradley, B. Brazelton, K. Roe, M.J. Elend, A. Delacour, S.M. Bernasconi, M.D. Lilley, J.A. Baross, R.E. Summons, and S.P. Sylva (2005): A serpentinite-hosted ecosystem: The Lost City hydrothermal field. Science, 307(5714), doi: 10.1126/science.1102556, 1434–1440.

Calendar Year 2004

Cont. #: 2461: Butterfield, D.A., K.K. Roe, M.D. Lilley, J. Huber, J.A. Baross, R.W. Embley, and G.J. Massoth (2004): Mixing, reaction and microbial activity in sub-seafloor revealed by temporal and spatial variation in diffuse flow vents at Axial Volcano. In The Subseafloor Biosphere at Mid-Ocean Ridges, W.S.D. Wilcock, E.F. DeLong, D.S. Kelley, J.A. Baross, and S.C. Cary (eds.), Geophys. Monogr. Ser., Vol. 144, AGU, 269–289.

Calendar Year 2003

Cont. #: 2575: Butterfield, D., and D. Kelley (2003): Update on the Endeavour Ridge 2000 Integrated Studies site. Ridge 2000 Events, 1(1), 4, 8–10.

Cont. #: 2462: Butterfield, D.A., Y. Fouquet, M. Halbach, P.E. Halbach, S.E. Humphris, M.D. Lilley, V. Lüders, S. Petersen, W.E. Seyfried, Jr., M. Shimizu, and M.K. Tivey (2003): Group Report: How can we describe the fluid-mineral processes and the related energy and material fluxes? In Energy and Mass Transfer in Submarine Hydrothermal Systems, P.E. Halbach, V. Tunnicliffe, and J. Hein (eds.), Dahlem Workshop Report Volume 89, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, 183–209.

Cont. #: 2402: Butterfield, D.A., W.E. Seyfried, Jr., and M.D. Lilley (2003): Composition and evolution of hydrothermal fluids. In Energy and Mass Transfer in Submarine Hydrothermal Systems, P.E. Halbach, V. Tunnicliffe, and J. Hein (eds.), Dahlem Workshop Report Volume 89, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, 123–161.

Cont. #: 2325: Cowen, J.P., S.J. Giovannoni, F. Kenig, H.P. Johnson, D.A. Butterfield, M.S. Rappe, M. Hutnak, and P. Lam (2003): Fluids from aging ocean crust that support microbial life. Science, 299, doi: 10.1126/science.1075653, 120–123.

Cont. #: 2568: Früh-Green, G.L., D.S. Kelley, S.M. Bernasconi, J.A. Karson, K.A. Ludwig, D.A. Butterfield, C. Boschi, and G. Proskurowski (2003): 30,000 years of hydrothermal activity at Lost City vent field. Science, 301(5630), doi: 10.1126/science.1085582, 495–498.

Cont. #: 2530: Huber, J.A., D.A. Butterfield, and J.A. Baross (2003): Bacterial diversity in a subseafloor habitat following a deep-sea volcanic eruption. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 43(3), doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2003.tb01080.x, 393–409.

Cont. #: 2507: Lilley, M.D., D.A. Butterfield, J.E. Lupton, and E.J. Olson (2003): Magmatic events can produce rapid changes in hydrothermal vent chemistry. Nature, 422(6934), doi: 10.1038/nature01569, 878–881.

Cont. #: 2531: Mehta, M.P., D.A. Butterfield, and J.A. Baross (2003): Phylogenetic diversity of nitrogenase (nifH) genes in deep sea and hydrothermal vent environments of the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 69(2), doi: 10.1128/AEM.69.2.960-970.2003, 960–970.

Cont. #: 2536: Shank, T., D. Fornari, D. Yoerger, S. Humphris, A. Bradley, S. Hammond, J. Lupton, D. Scheirer, R. Collier, A.L. Reysenbach, K. Ding, W. Seyfried, D. Butterfield, E. Olson, M. Lilley, N. Ward, and J. Eisen (2003): Deep submergence synergy: Alvin and ABE explore the Galápagos Rift at 86°W. Eos Trans. AGU, 84(41), doi: 10.1029/2003EO410001, 425-440.

Calendar Year 2002

Cont. #: 2401: Huber, J.A., D.A. Butterfield, and J.A. Baross (2002): Temporal changes in archaeal diversity and chemistry in a mid-ocean ridge subseafloor habitat. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 68(4), doi: 10.1128/AEM.68.4.1585-1594.2002, 1585–1594.

Calendar Year 2001

Cont. #: 1962: Butterfield, D.A., B.K. Nelson, C.G. Wheat, M.J. Mottl, and K.K. Roe (2001): Evidence for basaltic Sr in midocean ridge-flank hydrothermal systems and implications for the global oceanic Sr isotope balance. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 65(22), doi: 10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00712-8, 4141–4153.

Cont. #: 2316: Chadwick, W., E. Baker, D. Butterfield, P. Canales, S. Carbotte, D. Caress, D. Chadwell, R. Detrick, J. Diebold, A. Harding, J. Hildebrand, H. Jannasch, K. Johnson, G. Kent, R. Koski, J. Morton, W. Normark, M. Perfit, C. Reiss, G. Sasagawa, M. Smith, F. Spiess, D. Stakes, M.A. Tivey, S. Tucker, G. Wheat, and M. Zumberge (2001): The RIDGE seafloor observatory at the Cleft Segment: Investigation of linkages between geodetic, geophysical, geochemical, and water column processes. RIDGE Events, 11(1), February 2001, 18–24.

Cont. #: 2398: Kelley, D., J. Karson, D. Blackman, G. Früh-Green, D. Butterfield, M. Lilley, M. Schrenk, E. Olson, K. Roe, J. Lebon, and Shipboard Scientific Party (2001): Discovery of Lost City: An off-axis, peridotite-hosted, hydrothermal field near 30°N on the mid-Atlantic Ridge. RIDGE Events, 11(2), June 2001, 3–9.

Cont. #: 2310: Kelley, D.S., J.A. Karson, D.K. Blackman, G.L. Früh-Green, D.A. Butterfield, M.D. Lilley, E.J. Olson, M.O. Schrenk, K.K. Roe, G.T. Lebon, P. Rivizzigno, J. Cann, and AT3-60 Shipboard Party (2001): An off-axis hydrothermal vent field near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 30°N. Nature, 412, doi: 10.1038/35084000, 145–149.

Cont. #: 2219: Tivey, M.K., K. Bemis, A.M. Bradley, D. Butterfield, J.R. Delaney, K. Ding, R.P. Dziak, C. Fisher, C.G. Fox, S. Hautala, D. Jackson, H.W. Jannasch, H.P. Johnson, C. Jones, S.K. Juniper, D.S. Kelley, D. Kadko, M. Lilley, R.E. McDuff, P. Rona, J. Sarrazin, A. Schultz, W.E. Seyfried, Jr., R.E. Thomson, C.G. Wheat, W.S.D. Wilcock, D. Wright, and D. Yoerger (2001): The RIDGE Endeavour Segment seafloor observatory: Recent successes and an overview of coordinated experiments for Y2K. RIDGE Events, 11(1), February 2001, 10–17.

Calendar Year 2000

Cont. #: 2042: Butterfield, D.A. (2000): Deep ocean hydrothermal vents. In Encyclopedia of Volcanoes, Academic Press, 857–875.

Cont. #: 2103: Sharma, M., G.J. Wasserburg, A.W. Hofmann, and D.A. Butterfield (2000): Osmium isotopes in hydrothermal fluids from the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 179(1), doi: 10.1016/S0012-821X(00)00099-6, 139–152.

Calendar Year 1998

Cont. #: 1973: Delaney, J.R., D.S. Kelley, M.D. Lilley, D.A. Butterfield, J.A. Baross, W.S.D. Wilcock, R.W. Embley, and M. Summit (1998): The quantum event of oceanic crustal accretion: Impacts of diking at mid-ocean ridges. Science, 281(5374), doi: 10.1126/science.281.5374.222, 222–230.

Cont. #: 1985: Delaney, J.R., D.S. Kelley, M.D. Lilley, D.A. Butterfield, R.E. McDuff, J.A. Baross, J.W. Deming, H.P. Johnson, and V. Robigou (1998): The Endeavour hydrothermal system I: Cellular circulation above an active cracking front yields large sulfide structures, "fresh" vent water, and hyperthermophilic archaea. RIDGE Events, 8(2), 11–19.

Cont. #: 1896: Embley, R.W., J.E. Lupton, G. Massoth, T. Urabe, V. Tunnicliffe, D.A. Butterfield, T. Shibata, O. Okano, M. Kinoshita, and K. Fujioka (1998): Geologic, chemical, and biologic evidence for recent volcanism at 17.5°S: East Pacific Rise. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 163, doi: 10.1016/S0012-821X(98)00181-2, 131–147.

Cont. #: 1855: Kadko, D., and D. Butterfield (1998): The relationship of hydrothermal fluid composition and crustal residence time to maturity of vent fields on the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 62(9), doi: 10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00088-X, 1521–1534.

Calendar Year 1997

Cont. #: 1731: Butterfield, D.A., I.R. Jonasson, G.J. Massoth, R.A. Feely, K.K. Roe, R.E. Embley, J.F. Holden, R.E. McDuff, M.D. Lilley, and J.R. Delaney (1997): Seafloor eruptions and evolution of hydrothermal fluid chemistry. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. A, 355, doi: 10.1098/rsta.1997.0013, 369–386.

Cont. #: 1901: Delaney, J.R., D.S. Kelley, M.D. Lilley, D.A. Butterfield, R.E. McDuff, J.A. Baross, J.W. Deming, H.P. Johnson, and V. Robigou (1997): The Endeavour Hydrothermal System I: Cellular circulation above an active cracking front yields large sulfide structures, "fresh" vent water, and hyperthermophilic archaea. RIDGE Events, 8(2), July 1997, 11–19.

Cont. #: 1721: Tunnicliffe, V., R.W. Embley, J.F. Holden, D.A. Butterfield, G.J. Massoth, and S.K. Juniper (1997): Biological colonization of new hydrothermal vents following an eruption on Juan de Fuca Ridge. Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 44(9–10), doi: 10.1016/S0967-0637(97)00041-1, 1627–1644.

Calendar Year 1995

Cont. #: 1532: Embley, R.W., W.W. Chadwick, Jr., I.R. Jonasson, D.A. Butterfield, and E.T. Baker (1995): Initial results of a rapid response to the 1993 CoAxial event: Relationships between hydrothermal and volcanic processes. Geophys. Res. Lett., 22(2), doi: 10.1029/94GL02281, 143–146.

Cont. #: 1530: Lupton, J.E., E.T. Baker, G.J. Massoth, R.E. Thomson, B.J. Burd, D.A. Butterfield, R.W. Embley, and G.A. Cannon (1995): Variations in water-column ³He/heat ratios associated with the 1993 CoAxial event, Juan de Fuca Ridge. Geophys. Res. Lett., 22(2), doi: 10.1029/94GL02797, 155–158.

Cont. #: 1534: Massoth, G.J., E.T. Baker, R.A. Feely, D.A. Butterfield, R.E. Embley, J.E. Lupton, R.E. Thomson, and G.A. Cannon (1995): Observations of manganese and iron at CoAxial seafloor eruption site, Juan de Fuca Ridge. Geophys. Res. Lett., 22(2), doi: 10.1029/94GL02662, 151–154.

Calendar Year 1994

Cont. #: 1417: Butterfield, D.A., and G.J. Massoth (1994): Geochemistry of north Cleft segment vent fluids: Temporal changes in chlorinity and their possible relation to recent volcanism. J. Geophys. Res., 99(B3), doi: 10.1029/93JB02798, 4951–4968.

Cont. #: 1447: Butterfield, D.A., R.E. McDuff, J.M. Franklin, and C.G. Wheat (1994): Geochemistry of hydrothermal fluids from Middle Valley, Juan de Fuca Ridge. Chapter 20 in Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, 139, M.J. Mottl, E.E. Davis, A.T. Fisher, and J.F. Slack (eds.), College Station, TX, 395–410.

Cont. #: 1416: Butterfield, D.A., R.E. McDuff, M.J. Mottl, M.D. Lilley, J.E. Lupton, and G.J. Massoth (1994): Gradients in the composition of hydrothermal fluids from the Endeavour Segment vent field: Phase separation and brine loss. J. Geophys. Res., 99(B5), doi: 10.1029/93JB03132, 9561–9583.

Cont. #: 1037: Massoth, G.J., E.T. Baker, J.E. Lupton, R.A. Feely, D.A. Butterfield, K.L. Von Damm, K.K. Roe, and G.T. Lebon (1994): Temporal and spatial variability of hydrothermal manganese and iron at Cleft Segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge. J. Geophys. Res., 99(B3), doi: 10.1029/93JB02799, 4905–4923.

Cont. #: 1443: Trefry, J.H., D.B. Butterfield, S. Metz, G.J. Massoth, R.P. Trocine, and R.A. Feely (1994): Trace metals in hydrothermal solutions from Cleft segment on the southern Juan de Fuca Ridge. J. Geophys. Res., 99(B3), doi: 10.1029/93JB02108, 4925–4935.

Cont. #: 1689: You, C.F., D.A. Butterfield, A.J. Spivack, J.M. Gieskes, T. Gamo, and A.J. Campbell (1994): Boron and halide systematics in submarine hydrothermal systems: Effects of phase separation and sedimentary contributions. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 123(1–3), doi: 10.1016/0012-821X(94)90270-4, 227–238.

Calendar Year 1993

Cont. #: 1583: Lilley, M.D., D.A. Butterfield, E.J. Olson, J.E. Lupton, S.A. Macko, and R.E. McDuff (1993): Anomalous CH₄ and NH₄⁺ concentrations at an unsedimented mid-ocean-ridge hydrothermal system. Nature, 364, doi: 10.1038/364045a0, 45–47.

Cont. #: 1362: Mortlock, R.A., P.N. Froelich, R.A. Feely, G.J. Massoth, D.A. Butterfield, and J.E. Lupton (1993): Silica and germanium in Pacific Ocean hydrothermal vents and plumes. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 119(3), doi: 10.1016/0012-821X(93)90144-X, 365–378.

Calendar Year 1990

Cont. #: 1128: Butterfield, D.A., G.J. Massoth, R.E. McDuff, J.E. Lupton, and M.D. Lilley (1990): Geochemistry of hydrothermal fluids from Axial Seamount Hydrothermal Emissions Study Vent Field, Juan de Fuca Ridge: Subseafloor boiling and subsequent fluid-rock interaction. J. Geophys. Res., 95(B8), doi: 10.1029/JB095iB08p12895, 12,895–12,921.

Calendar Year 1989

Cont. #: 1108: Massoth, G.J., D.A. Butterfield, J.E. Lupton, R.E. McDuff, M.D. Lilley, and I.R. Jonasson (1989): Submarine venting of phase-separated hydrothermal fluids at Axial Volcano, Juan de Fuca Ridge. Nature, 340(6236), doi: 10.1038/340702a0, 702–705.

Cont. #: 1011: Massoth, G.J., H.B. Milburn, S.R. Hammond, D.A. Butterfield, R.E. McDuff, and J.E. Lupton (1989): The geochemistry of submarine venting fluids at Axial Volcano, Juan de Fuca Ridge: New sampling methods and a VENTS Program rationale. In Global Venting, Midwater, and Benthic Ecological Processes, National Undersea Research Program Report 88-4, M.P. De Luca and I. Babb (eds.), 29–59.

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