TROPICAL
ATMOSPHERE-OCEAN (TAO) PROGRAM
FINAL
CRUISE
INSTRUCTIONS
FOR
KA-06-02
(GP2-06-KA)
March
30 – April 30, 2006
TAO Program Director
Dr. Michael J. McPhaden
PMEL, TAO Project Office
7600 Sand Point Way NE
Seattle, WA 98115
Area: Equatorial Pacific
Itinerary:
KA-04-05 San
Diego CA DEP March 30, 2006
Manzanillo, Mexico ARR April 30, 2006
CRUISE DESCRIPTION
General guidelines are contained in the TAO
Program Standard Operating Instructions for NOAA Ship KA’IMIMOANA dated December 8, 2004.
Cruise Objective and Plan:
The objective of this cruise is the maintenance
of the TAO Array along the 110°W and 95°W meridians. The scientific complement for the cruise will
embark in San Diego, CA, on March 29, 2006.
The ship will depart on March 30, 2006 to commence operations as listed
in Appendix A. After completion of
operations, NOAA Ship KA’IMIMOANA will proceed to
Manzanillo, Mexico, arriving on or about April 30, 2006. All dates and times referred to in these
cruise instructions are in Pacific Standard Time (PST).
MOP
Operations: TAO
Operations Manager:
Larry Mordock LCDR Brian
Lake, NOAA
NOAA/MOC-Pacific (MOC-P1x3) PMEL, TAO, R/E/PM
1801 Fairview Avenue East 7600 Sand Point Way NE
Seattle, Washington 98102-3767 Seattle,
Washington 98115-0070
(206) 553-4764 (206)
526-6403
Larry.Mordock@noaa.gov Brian.Lake@noaa.gov
1.0 PERSONNEL
1.1 CHIEF SCIENTIST AND PARTICIPATING
SCIENTISTS:
Chief Scientist:
Andrew Shepherd
The Chief Scientist is authorized to revise or
alter the scientific portion of the cruise plan as work progresses provided
that, after consultation with the Commanding Officer, it is ascertained that
the proposed changes will not: (1) jeopardize the safety of personnel or the
ship; (2) exceed the overall time allotted for the cruise; (3) result in undue
additional expenses; (4) alter the general intent of these instructions. A list of participating scientists
follows. All participating scientists
will submit a medical history form and be medically approved before embarking.
Participating Scientists:
|
Name |
Gender |
Nationality |
Affiliation |
|
Andrew
Shepherd |
M |
US |
NOAA/PMEL |
|
Brian
Powers |
M |
US |
NOAA/PMEL |
|
Allen Lossett, Jr. |
M |
US
|
NOAA/NDBC |
|
Leila
Zambrano |
F |
Ecuador |
Oceanographic
Institute of the Navy |
|
Maria
Jose Bouarte Baca |
F |
Peru |
Universidad Agraria, La Molina |
2.0 OPERATIONS
Mooring Operations scheduled to be conducted are
shown in Appendix A. Operations will be
conducted from 08°N – 110°W to 08°S – 110°W and 08°S – 95°W to 08°N – 95°W. The following mooring operations are
anticipated, though the work may be changed by direction of the Chief
Scientist, in consultation with the Commanding Officer.
|
Location |
Mooring Type |
Operation |
Status |
|
08°N
110°W |
ATLAS |
Recover/Deploy |
|
|
05°N
110°W |
ATLAS |
Recover/Deploy |
|
|
02°N
110°W |
ATLAS |
Repair |
Install new sst with
divers |
|
0°
110°W |
ATLAS |
Recover/Deploy |
Deploy ADCP |
|
02°S
110°W |
ATLAS |
Visit |
|
|
05°S
110°W |
ATLAS |
Repair |
No
Release, SST picklefork |
|
08°S
110°W |
ATLAS |
Visit |
|
|
Transit |
|
|
|
|
08°S
95°W |
ATLAS |
Repair
|
Check rain gauge |
|
05°S
95°W |
ATLAS |
Recover/Deploy |
|
|
02°S
95°W |
ATLAS |
Repair |
Swap anemometer |
|
0°
95°W |
ATLAS |
Recover/Deploy |
Moved 15 NM |
|
02°N
95°W |
ATLAS |
Recover/Deploy |
Recover PICO buoy |
|
05°N
95°W |
ATLAS |
Repair |
Swap
rain gauge, SSC w/ pickle fork |
|
08°N
95°W |
ATLAS |
Recover/Deploy |
|
2.01 CTD
At a minimum, 1,000 meter CTD casts shall be
conducted at each mooring site between 08°N and 08°S for sensor inter‑comparison
purposes. As time permits, additional or
deeper CTD’s should be conducted whenever addition of the CTD’s will not impact
scheduled mooring work. For example, if
the ship would arrive at the next mooring site in the middle of the night, it
is preferable to do CTD’s on the way, rather than remain hove to waiting for
daylight. Another example would be when
mooring operations are significantly ahead of schedule. Beyond those at mooring sites, CTD’s should
be conducted in the following order of priority:
·
1,000m CTD’s at one degree latitude
intervals between 12°N and 08°S, along the ship’s trackline.
·
Extend 1,000m CTD’s at mooring sites to a
minimum of 3,000m or a maximum depth of 5500 m.
Four to six deep casts are optimal, occurring at the beginning and end
of the cruise as well as at both equatorial sites.
·
1,000m CTD’s every one‑half degree
of latitude between 03°N and 03°S.
·
Additional calibration CTD’s to be
determined by Chief Scientist.
2.02 Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute
(MBARI) Chlorophyll and Nutrients
Phytoplankton biomass work consisting of
chlorophyll extractions and nutrients samples will be collected from CTD
rosette at 0, 10, 25, 40, 60, 100, 150, and 200m. The total volume used from each bottle,
including rinses is approximately one liter; except for the surface bottle,
which will require approximately three liters.
This requires use of the sink/bench area of the wet lab for filtration purposes. Chlorophyll samples will be measured on-board
using a bench-top fluorometer. Nutrient samples (sea water) will be stored
in the science hold and off-loaded upon return.
2.03 Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological
Laboratory (AOML) Surface Drifters
The Global Drifter Center at NOAA/AOML requests
drifter deployments on an ancillary basis.
The drifters are small, easily deployed devices that are tracked by
ARGOS and provide Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and mixed layer currents. The global array of drifters provides SST
ground truth for NOAA’s polar orbiting satellite AVHRR SST maps. They also provide data to operational
meteorological and ocean models, and research ocean current data sets.
AOML drifters are scheduled at the following
positions:
5N, 2N, 0, 2S, 5S on both 95W and 110W meridians.
Craig
Engler, NOAA/AOML
Global
Drifter Center,
Tel:
(305) 361‑4439
Fax:
(305) 361‑4392
E-mail:
Craig.Engler@noaa.gov
URL:
http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/
2.04 Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory
(PMEL) Argo Profiling CTD Floats
Four
Argo floats are scheduled for deployment on this cruise. Individual deployment positions can be
shifted by a degree or so along the ship track if more convenient. Each float weighs about 56 lbs. The boxes weigh about 200 lbs. full and are
82” long x 17” high x 23” long. Boxes
cannot be stored or transported on their small ends. The floats are sensitive to high
temperatures, so as space for a pair of floats becomes available on the
computer lab rack, it will be desirable to move floats from the next box to the
rack at the earliest convenient time.
Float deployment locations are as follows:
TBA
Argo float questions should be directed to:
Gregory
Johnson, NOAA/PMEL or Elizabeth Steffen,
NOAA/PMEL
Tel:
(206) 526-6806 Tel:
(206) 526-6747
E-mail:
pmel_floats@noaa.gov E-mail:
pmel_floats@noaa.gov
2.05 Discreet Gas Sampler
Whole air samples are cryogenically
dried and pumped into glass flasks by an automated system in the computer
lab. Following the cruise, the flasks
are returned to Princeton University for analysis by prepaid FEDEX. Pairs of flasks are collected while the ship
is underway at 08°N, 04°N, 00°, 04°S, and 08°S along the 110°W and 95°W
lines. Automated sampling cycle is
approximately five hours. It is
anticipated that the Survey Technician will perform the maintenance tasks. The Survey Technician will be shipping the
samples back to Princeton University.
The contact for this project is:
Michael Bender
Princeton University
Tel: (609) 258-2936
E-mail: bender@geo.princeton.edu
2.06 Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) Analysis
A 0.5 liter sea water sample from surface CTD
casts will be taken and stored for later dissolved inorganic carbon
analysis. Sample jars and Scripps
Institute of Oceanography will provide sample jars and mercury chloride
solution. It is anticipated that the
Survey Technician, together with embarked scientific personnel will take the
samples. A small bench-top drill press
is installed on the ship to assist with the bottle capping process. Samples will be shipped to Scripps at the conclusion
of this cruise.
The contacts for this project are:
Dr.
Andrew Dickson Dr.
Richard Feely
Scripps
Institution of Oceanography NOAA/PMEL
University
of California, San Diego 7600
Sand Point Way NE
Room
203 – Vaughan Hall Seattle,
Washington 98115
8675
Discovery Way
La
Jolla, California 92037
Tel:
(858) 534-2582 Tel:
(206) 526-6214
Email:
adickson@ucsd.edu E-mail: Richard.A.Feely@noaa.gov
2.07 Nitrate N and Oxygen Isotope Analysis
At 7°N 110°W, 1°N 110°W, 5°S 110°W and 7°N 95°W,
1°N 95°W, 7°S 95°W, a 50-ml seawater sample from surface CTD casts will be
taken and stored for later Nitrate N and Oxygen isotope analysis. Sample jars will be provided by Scripps
Institute of Oceanography. It is
anticipated that the Survey Technician, together with other embarked scientific
personnel will take the samples. Samples will be frozen in the MBARI freezer
and will be shipped back to Scripps at the conclusion of this cruise (in
pre-paid FEDEX envelope supplied).
The contact for this project is:
Patrick Rafter
Scripps Institute of Oceanography – UCSD
9500 Gilman Drive
Dept 0208
La Jolla, California 92093
E-mail: prafter@insci14.ucsd.edu
2.08 University of Washington, APL Float
One
“Lagrangian Float" will be deployed at the
equator at 110°W after the mooring is serviced.
The floats are designed and constructed at the Applied Physics
Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle,
Washington. The float will drift at the
base of the mixed layer for three to six months and measure the rates of mixing
by measuring its own depth, temperature and salinity. The float will surface daily to transmit its
data via Iridium and receive commands.
These floats monitor the effect of mixing in bringing cold water up into
the cold tongue. Drifter is similar to
Argo float, both in size and deployment technique.
Contact:
Dr. Ren-Chieh Lien Eric
D’Asaro
University
of Washington University
of Washington
Applied
Physics Laboratory Applied
Physics Laboratory
Tel: (206) 685-1079 Tel: (206) 685-2982
E-mail: lien@apl.washington.edu E-mail: dasaro@apl.washington.edu
3.0 Hazardous Materials
NOAA Ship KA’IMIMOANA will operate in full compliance with all environmental compliance
requirements imposed by NOAA. The Chief Scientist shall be responsible
for complying with MOCDOC 15, Fleet Environmental Compliance #07, Hazardous
Material and Hazardous Waste Management Requirements for Visiting Scientists,
released July 2002. The MOCDOC web site
address is:
By
Federal regulations and NOAA Marine and Aviation Operations policy, the ship
may not sail without a complete inventory of all hazardous materials by name
and the anticipated quantity brought aboard, MSDS and appropriate neutralizing
agents, buffers, and/or absorbents in amounts adequate to address spills of a
size equal to the amount of chemicals brought aboard and a chemical hygiene
plan. The Chief Scientist shall account
for the amount of hazardous material arriving and leaving the vessel. NOAA Ship KA’IMIMOANA Environmental Compliance Officer will work with the Chief
Scientist to ensure that this management policy is properly executed, and that
any problems are brought promptly to the attention of the Commanding Officer.
3.1 Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
All hazardous materials require a Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS). Copies of all MSDS’s shall be forwarded to the ship at least two weeks
prior to sailing. The Chief Scientist
shall have copies of each MSDS available when the hazardous materials are
loaded aboard. Hazardous material for
which the MSDS is not provided will not be loaded aboard.
3.2 HAZMAT Inventory
The Chief Scientist will complete a local inventory form, provided
by the Commanding Officer, indicating the amount of each material brought
onboard, and for which the Chief Scientist is responsible. This inventory shall be updated at departure,
accounting for the amount of material being removed, as well as the amount
consumed in science operations and the amount being removed in the form of
waste.
3.3 HAZMAT Locker
The ship’s dedicated HAZMAT Locker contains two 45-gallon capacity
flammable cabinets and one 22-gallon capacity flammable cabinet, plus some
available storage on the deck. Unless
there are dedicated storage lockers (meeting OSHA/NFPA standards) in each van,
all HAZMAT, except small amounts for ready use, must be stored in the HAZMAT
Locker.
3.4 HAZMAT Spill Response
The scientific party, under the supervision of the Chief
Scientist, shall be prepared to respond fully to emergencies involving spills
of any mission HAZMAT. This includes
providing properly-trained personnel for response, as well as the necessary
neutralizing chemicals and clean-up materials.
Ship’s personnel are not first responders and will act in a support role
only, in the event of a spill.
3.5 Responsibilities
The Chief Scientist is directly responsible for the proper
handling, both administrative and physical, of all scientific party hazardous
wastes. No liquid wastes shall be
introduced into the ship’s drainage system.
No solid waste material shall be placed in the ship’s garbage. Ancillary
Projects shall properly train their personnel in hazardous material handling
and disposal.
3.6 Ancillary Projects Hazardous Materials
1.
Mercuric Chloride solution 400 ml Scripps/PMEL
2.
Mercuric Chloride powder 30
g Scripps/PMEL
3. CO2
cylinder 2-AL30 PMEL
4. LithX 1-Pail PMEL
6. Acetone 12l MBARI
7. Hydrochloric Acid (HCL) 6l MBARI
8. Magnesium Perchlorate 1.5
Kg PMEL/CO2
9. CO2
cylinder 7-Al
Appendices:
A.
Operations Spreadsheet
B.
Trackline
C.
Mooring
Equipment Weight List