TROPICAL ATMOSPHERE-OCEAN (TAO) PROGRAM

FINAL

 

CRUISE INSTRUCTIONS

FOR

KA-04-02 (GP2-04-KA)

April 27 – June 2, 2004

 

TAO Program Director

Dr. Michael J. McPhaden

PMEL, TAO Project Office

7600 Sand Point Way NE

Seattle, WA 98115

 

Area:   Equatorial Pacific

Itinerary:

KA-04-02       Manzanillo, Mexico               dep.  27 April 2004

                        Nuku Hiva, Marquises          arr.    16 May 2004   

Nuku Hiva, Marquises          dep.  19 May  2004

Honolulu,  Hawaii                  arr.    02 June 2004

 

CRUISE DESCRIPTION

General guidelines are contained in the TAO Program Standard Operating Instructions for NOAA Ship KA’IMIMOANA dated June 28, 2002.

Cruise Objective and Plan:

The objective of this cruise is the maintenance of the TAO Array along the 125°W and 140°W meridians.  A DART mooring will also be serviced at  8.5ºS  125ºW and a PMEL/TAO test mooring deployed at 2ºN 140ºW.  The scientific complement  for the  cruise will embark in Manzanillo, Mexico on April 24.  The ship will depart  on April 27, 2004 to commence operations as listed in Appendix A.  The ship will stop in Nuku Hiva, Marquises on or about May 16-19.  One scientist (Shepherd) will depart the ship in Nuku Hiva.  After completion of operations, KA’IMIMOANA will proceed to Honolulu, Hawaii arriving on or about June 2, 2004.   All dates and times referred to in these cruise instructions are in Pacific Standard Time (PST).

PMC  Operations:                                         TAO  Operations  Manager:

Larry Mordock                                               LCDR Chris Beaverson, NOAA

NOAA/MOC-Pacific (MOC-P1x3)              PMEL, TAO, R/E/PM

1801 Fairview Ave. East                              7600 Sand Point Way NE

Seattle, WA  98102-3767                            Seattle, WA 98115-0070

(206) 553-4764                                             (206) 526-6403

Larry.Mordock@noaa.gov                           Chris.Beaverson@noaa.gov

 

1.0 PERSONNEL

 

1.1   CHIEF SCIENTIST AND PARTICIPATING SCIENTISTS:

 

Chief Scientist:                      Andrew Shepherd                 April 27 -  May 16

                                                Patrick A’Hearn                     May 17 – June 2

 

DART Program Lead:          Kendall Michel

 

The Chief Scientist is authorized to revise or alter the scientific portion of the cruise plan as work progresses provided that, after consultation with the Commanding Officer, it is ascertained that the proposed changes will not: (1) jeopardize the safety of personnel or the ship; (2) exceed the overall time allotted for the cruise; (3) result in undue additional expenses; (4) alter the general intent of these instructions.  A list of participating scientists follows.  All participating scientists will submit a medical history form and be medically approved before embarking.

 

Participating Scientists

Name                                      Sex     Nationality      Affiliation

 

1.   Andrew Shepherd                                   M         USA                NOAA/PMEL

2.   Patrick A’Hearn                                      M         USA                NOAA/PMEL

3.   Brian Powers                                          M         USA                NOAA/PMEL

4.   Curran Fey                                               M         USA                NOAA/PMEL

5.   Kendall Michael                                      M         USA                NOAA/NDBC (SAIC)

6.   David Parrett                                           M         USA                NOAA/NDBC (SAIC)

7.   Jon Laslett                                               M         USA                MBARI

 

2.0  OPERATIONS

 

Mooring Operations are scheduled to be conducted as shown in Appendix A.  Operations will be conducted from 8°N - 120°W to 8.5°S - 120°W and 5°S  - 140°W to 8°N  140°W.  The following mooring operations are anticipated, though the work may be changed by direction of the Chief Scientist, in consultation with the Commanding Officer.

Location         Mooring Type                                    Operation

 

8°N 125°W    ATLAS II - Taut                      Recovery/Deploy

 

5°N 125°W    ATLAS II - Taut                      Repair.  Swap wind.

 

2°N 125°W    ATLAS II - Taut                      Visit, Insert, Fairings

 

0°N 125°W    ATLAS II - Taut                      Recovery/Deploy, Insert, fairings and CO2

 

2°S 125°W    ATLAS II - Taut                      Recover/Deploy

 

5°S 125°W    ATLAS II - Taut                      Recover/Deploy

 

8°S 125°W    ATLAS II - Taut                      Visit

 

8.5°S 125°W   DART                                   Swap surface buoy

                                                                        Recover/Deploy BPR

 

5°S  140°W   ATLAS II - Taut                      Visit

 

2°S  140°W   ATLAS II - Taut                      Recovery/Deploy

 

0°  140°W      ATLAS II - Taut                      Recovery/Deploy, Insert, fairings, CO2 mods

                                                                        Sentinel ADCP embedded in toroid.

                                                                        Avoid subsurface ADCP

Location         Mooring Type                        Operation

 

2°N  140°W   ATLAS II - Taut                      Repair, Insert and fairings.  Dump RAM

2°N  140°W  Test mooring                          Deploy test mooring 4-10 nm from ATLAS II.  Insert and fairings

 

5°N  140°W   ATLAS II - Taut                      Recover/Deploy.  Insert, fairings.

5°N  140°W  Test Mooring                          Repair,  swap tube and sensors.

                                                                        Add custom top section (on buoyride).

 

9°N  140°W   ATLAS II - Taut                      Recover/Deploy

                                                                        No position since 16 Feb 2004.

 

2.01 CTD

 

At a minimum, 1000 meter CTD casts shall be conducted at each mooring site between 12° N and 8° S for sensor inter‑comparison purposes.  As time permits, additional or deeper CTD’s should be conducted whenever addition of the CTD’s will not impact scheduled mooring work.  For example, if the ship would arrive at the next mooring site in the middle of the night, it is preferable to do CTD’s on the way, rather than remain hove to waiting for daylight.  Another example would be when mooring operations are significantly ahead of schedule.  Beyond those at mooring sites, CTD’s should be conducted in the following order of priority:

- 1000m CTD’s at one degree latitude intervals between 12° N and 8° S , along the ship’s trackline.

- Extend 1000m CTD’s at mooring sites to a minimum of 3000m or a maximum depth of 200m from bottom.  4 to 6 deep casts are optimal, occurring at the beginning and end of the cruise as well as at both equatorial sites.

- 1000m CTD’s every one‑half degree of latitude between 3°N and 3°S

- Additional calibration CTD’s to be determined by Chief Scientist.

 

In order to reduce the cost of standard water needed to calibrate CTD data,  the number of salinity samples has been reduced.   PMEL proposes taking 8 samples per station instead of 12; not sampling ½ degree stations; and running 40 samples per standard instead of 36.   Questions regarding these revised procedures should be directed to Kristy McTaggart.  Patrick A’Hearn will be bringing an O2 sensor to be installed and tested on the CTD prior to the final casts of this cruise - in preparation for use on GP3 (155W/170W).

 

2.02  DART Mooring operations

 

The DART project was conceived to provide deep-ocean bottom pressure measurements in real-time for the early detection of tsunamis, for assessing and forecasting the threat to coastal communities, and to reduce the frequency of costly evacuations due to false alarms.  DART station locations have been chosen to detect tsunami’s generated by earthquakes in the Alaska-Aleutian Subduction Zone, in the Cascadia Subduction Zone, and off the coasts of Kamchatka and South America; regions with known destructive tsunami generating potential.  At these stations, deep-ocean bottom pressure measurements are acoustically transmitted from a Bottom Pressure Recorder (BPR) to a surface buoy.  The data are then sent to shore-based receivers through a satellite communications link.  Quality control checks are performed on these data which are then displayed on the world wide web (www), URL http://www.ndbc.noaa.gov/dart.shtml

 

At the 8.5ºS  125ºW DART site, the surface mooring will be serviced (buoy swapped) and the bottom anchored instrument package will be recovered and redeployed.  Station depth is approximately 4500 m.    It is requested that the mooring be brought on deck with the anchor still attached and the surface float exchanged.  A complete surface buoy and tower will be assembled in Manzanillo prior to departure and stored on board until deployment.  The recovered surface & sub-surface mooring can be broken down and stored in a convenient location to lessen the impact on subsequent operations.  All equipment will be destaged in Honolulu.

 

Station Locations:

 

DART Surface Mooring        8.49ºN  125.017ºW

DART BPR                            8.293ºN  125.008ºW

 

 

Contact::         Shannon McArthur

NOAA - NWS – National Data Buoy Center

Stennis Space Center, MS 39529-6000

Telephone: (228) 688-2830                        

E-mail: Shannon.McArthur@noaa.gov

 

 

 

 

 

2.03  Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) Chlorophyll and Nutrients

 

Phytoplankton biomass work consisting of chlorophyll extractions and nutrients samples will be collected from CTD rosette at 0, 10, 25, 40, 60, 100, 150 and 200m. The total volume used from each bottle, including rinses is approximately one liter; except for the surface bottle, which will require approximately three liters.  This requires use of the sink/bench area of the wet lab for filtration purposes.  Chlorophyll samples will be measured on-board using a bench-top fluorometer  which will require use of the salinometer room.  Nutrient samples (sea water) will be stored in the science hold and off-loaded upon return.

2.04  Bloomsburg University Barnacle Census

 

No barnacles will be collected on this cruise.  The Bloomsburg barnacle census project does not plan to participate on TAO cruises in calendar year 2004.

2.05  Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) Surface Drifters

 

The Global Drifter Center at NOAA/AOML requests drifter deployments on an ancillary basis.  The drifters are small, easily deployed devices which are tracked by Argos and provide Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and mixed layer currents.  The global array of drifters provides SST ground truth for NOAA’s polar orbiting satellite AVHRR SST maps.  They also provide data to operational meteorological and ocean models, and research ocean current data sets.  AOML drifters are scheduled at the following positions: 

2°N  125°W;  0°  125°W;  2°S  125°W

0°  140°W

 

Craig Engler, Global Drifter Center, NOAA/AOML

305‑361‑4439 (office) or 305‑361‑4392 (fax)

Craig.Engler@noaa.gov or http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/

 

2.06  Pacific Marine Environmetal Lab (PMEL) Argo profiling CTD floats

 

Five Argo floats are scheduled for deployment on this cruise.   Individual deployment

positions can be shifted by a degree or so along the ship track if more

convenient.  Each float weighs about 56 lbs.    Boxes are numbered sequentially in order of deployment.  The boxes weigh about 200 lbs. full and are 82” long x 17” high x 23” long.  Boxes cannot be stored or transported on their small ends.   The floats are sensitive to high temperatures, so as space for a pair of floats becomes available

on the computer lab rack, it will be desirable to move floats from the

next box to the rack at the earliest convenient time.  A manual for

float-testing and deployment  has been sent to the ship.

Float deployment locations are as follows:

Float id                       Lat       Long

1239                           10N       122W

1238                            4S        125W

1237                           5S        140W

1236                           1S        140W

1234                           10N      143W

Argo float questions should be directed to:

Gregory Johnson                                           or                     Elizabeth Steffen

NOAA/PMEL                                                                         NOAA/PMEL

(206) 526-6806                                                                     (206) 526-6747

Gregory.C.Johnson@noaa.gov                                           Elizabeth.Steffen@noaa.gov

 

2.06  Discreet gas sampler

 

Whole air samples are cryogenically dried and pumped into glass flasks by an automated system in the computer lab.  Following the cruise, the flasks are returned to Princeton University for analysis by prepaid FEDEX.  Pairs of flasks are collected while the ship is underway at 8N, 4N, 0, 4S and 8S along the 125ºW and 140ºW lines.  Automated sampling cycle is approximately 5 hours.  It is anticipated that the Survey Technician will perform the maintenance tasks.  The contact for this project is:

 Michael Bender,  Princeton University

(609) 258-2936    bender@geo.princeton.edu

 

 

 

 

 

 

2.07  Dissolved inorganic carbon analysis (DIC)

 

A  0.5 liter sea water sample from surface CTD casts will be taken and stored for later dissolved inorganic carbon analysis.  Sample jars and mercury chloride solution will be provided by Scripps institute of  Oceanography.  Samples for GP1 and GP2 will be stored on board until the ship returns to Honolulu.  It is anticipated that the survey technician, together with MBARI personnel will take the samples.  A small bench-top drill press is installed on the ship to assist with the bottle capping process.  Samples will be shipped to Scripps at the conclusion of GP2 in Honolulu. The contacts for this project are:

 

Dr. Andrew Dickson                                                 Dr. Richard Feely

Scripps Institution of Oceanography                       NOAA/PMEL

University of California, San Diego             7600 Sand Point Way NE

Room 203 -- Vaughan Hall                                      Seattle, Washington   98115

8675 Discovery Way

La Jolla, CA 92037                                                   Tel (206) 526-6214

Tel:   (858) 534-2582

Email: adickson@ucsd.edu                         Richard.A.Feely@noaa.gov

 

 

3.0  Hazardous Materials

 

The Chief Scientist is responsible for the proper and safe storage of scientific hazardous material and complying with NC Instruction 6280B, Hazardous Materials and Hazardous Waste Policy, Guidance, and Training, dated May 8, 1991. This includes the requirement for the Chief Scientist to remove all scientific team hazardous materials and waste at the end of the cruise.

3.1 Ancillary Projects Hazardous Materials

 

1. Acetone                                                                             12 Liters         MBARI

2. Hydrochloric Acid (HCL)                                                  6 Liters           MBARI

3.  Mercuric Chloride solution (saturated with 30 grams)  400 ML          Scripps/PMEL

4.  Mercuric Chloride powder                                              30 g                Scripps/PMEL

 

Appendices:

A.  Operations  Spreadsheet

B.      Trackline

C.    Mooring  Equipment  Weight  List

D.    DART Equipment Inventory

 

 

 

 

Appendix D                                         DART Equipment Inventory

 

April/May 2004 Hawaiian DART Cruise –  Ka’Imimoana

Equipment

Qty

Weight

Total Weight

Dimensions

Buoy, Tsunami

1

1750

1750

103" Diameter, Each

BPR, platform

1

400

400

35" x 48", Each

BPR, anchor

1

800

800

35" x 48", Each

Tower

1

300

300

90" x 74" x 42", Each

Bridle

1

450

450

48" x 48", Each

Leads

10

30

300

48" x 48", Each

Basket, floats, chain, & transducers

2

325

650

45" x 48", Each

Boxes, Electronics, DART

11

Approx 170

1835

28" x 26", Each

Wooden boxes w/misc mooring rope

2

119

238

48" x 48", Each

 

TOTAL WEIGHT

6723