TROPICAL
ATMOSPHERE-OCEAN (TAO) PROGRAM
FINAL
CRUISE
INSTRUCTIONS
FOR
KA-05-01
(GP1-05-KA)
February 17 –
March 29, 2005
TAO
Program Director
Dr.
Michael J. McPhaden
PMEL,
TAO Project Office
7600
Sand Point Way NE
Seattle,
WA 98115
Area: Equatorial
Pacific
Itinerary:
KA-04-05 Honolulu, Hawaii dep. February 17, 2005
Nuku
Hiva, Marquises arr. March 4, 2005
Nuku Hiva,
Marquises dep. March 7, 2005
San Diego,
California arr. March 29, 2005
CRUISE
DESCRIPTION
General
guidelines are contained in the TAO Program Standard Operating Instructions for
NOAA Ship KA’IMIMOANA dated
December 8, 2004.
Cruise Objective and Plan:
The
objective of this cruise is the maintenance of the TAO Array along the 125°W
and 140°W meridians. The scientific
complement for the cruise will embark in Honolulu, Hawaii, on February 16,
2005. The ship will depart on February
17, 2005, to commence operations as listed in Appendix A. The ship will stop in Nuku Hiva, Marquises,
on or about March 4 -7, 2005. After
completion of operations, NOAA Ship KA’IMIMOANA will proceed to San
Diego, California, arriving on or about March 29, 2005. All dates and times referred to in these
cruise instructions are in Pacific Standard Time (PST).
MOP
Operations: TAO Operations Manager:
Larry
Mordock LCDR
Brian Lake, NOAA
NOAA/MOC-Pacific
(MOC-P1x3) PMEL, TAO, R/E/PM
1801
Fairview Avenue East 7600 Sand Point Way NE
Seattle,
Washington 98102-3767 Seattle,
Washington 98115-0070
(206)
553-4764 (206)
526-6403
Larry.Mordock@noaa.gov Brian.Lake@noaa.gov
1.0 PERSONNEL
1.1 CHIEF
SCIENTIST AND PARTICIPATING SCIENTISTS:
Chief Scientist: Steve Kunze
The
Chief Scientist is authorized to revise or alter the scientific portion of the
cruise plan as work progresses provided that, after consultation with the
Commanding Officer, it is ascertained that the proposed changes will not: (1)
jeopardize the safety of personnel or the ship; (2) exceed the overall time
allotted for the cruise; (3) result in undue additional expenses; (4) alter the
general intent of these instructions. A
list of participating scientists follows.
All participating scientists will submit a medical history form and be
medically approved before embarking.
Participating Scientists:
|
Name |
Gender |
Nationality |
Affiliation |
|
Steve
Kunze |
M |
US |
NOAA/PMEL |
|
Brian
Powers |
M |
US |
NOAA/PMEL |
|
Sookmi
Moon |
F |
S.
Korea |
NOAA/PMEL |
|
Brittnay
Graham (Leg 2) |
F |
US |
University
of Hawaii |
|
Maria
Jose Boluarte Baca |
F |
Peru |
Universidad Agraria, La Molina |
|
Trent
Lee (Leg 1) |
M |
US |
SAIC/NDBC |
|
Mark
Livingston (Leg 1) |
M |
US |
SAIC/NDBC |
2.0 OPERATIONS
Mooring
Operations are scheduled to be conducted as shown in Appendix A. Operations will be conducted from 09°N –
140°W to 05°S – 140°W and 08°S – 125°W to 08°N –
125°W. The following mooring operations
are anticipated, though the work may be changed by direction of the Chief Scientist,
in consultation with the Commanding Officer.
|
Location |
Mooring Type |
Operation |
Status |
|
09°N
140°W |
ATLAS |
Recover/Deploy |
|
|
05°N
140°W |
ATLAS |
Recover/Deploy |
|
|
05°N
140°W |
TEST |
Visit/Tube
Dump |
Test
Mooring |
|
02°N
140°W |
ATLAS |
Visit |
|
|
02°N
140°W |
TEST |
Recover |
Test
Mooring |
|
00°
140°W |
ATLAS/CO2 |
Recover/Deploy |
CO2
Mooring w/ load cell |
|
02°S
140°W |
ATLAS |
Recover/Deploy |
|
|
05°S
140°W |
ATLAS |
Recover/Deploy |
|
|
Transit |
|
|
|
|
08°S
125°W |
ATLAS |
Visit |
|
|
05°S
125°W |
ATLAS |
Recover/Deploy |
|
|
02°S
125°W |
ATLAS |
Recover/Deploy |
|
|
00°
125°W |
ATLAS/CO2 |
Deploy |
No
buoy found by R/V REVELLE 12/22/02 CO2 Mooring |
|
02°N
125°W |
ATLAS |
Repair
SST |
Dive
Ops |
|
05°N
125°W |
ATLAS |
Visit |
|
|
08°N
125°W |
ATLAS |
Visit |
|
2.01 CTD
At
a minimum, 1,000 meter CTD casts shall be conducted at each mooring site
between 08(09)°N and 08(05)°S for sensor inter‑comparison purposes. As time permits, additional or deeper CTD’s
should be conducted whenever addition of the CTD’s will not impact scheduled
mooring work. For example, if the ship
would arrive at the next mooring site in the middle of the night, it is
preferable to do CTD’s on the way, rather than remain hove to waiting for
daylight. Another example would be when
mooring operations are significantly ahead of schedule. Beyond those at mooring sites, CTD’s should
be conducted in the following order of priority:
·
1,000m CTD’s at one degree latitude intervals between 12°N
and 08°S, along the ship’s trackline.
·
Extend 1,000m CTD’s at mooring sites to a minimum of 3,000m
or a maximum depth of 200m from bottom.
Four to six deep casts are optimal, occurring at the beginning and end
of the cruise as well as at both equatorial sites.
·
1,000m CTD’s every one‑half degree of latitude between
03°N and 03°S.
·
Additional calibration CTD’s to be determined by Chief
Scientist.
In
order to reduce the cost of standard water needed to calibrate CTD data, the
number of salinity samples has been reduced.
PMEL proposes taking eight samples per station instead of 12; not
sampling half degree stations; and running 40 samples per standard instead of
36. Questions regarding these revised
procedures should be directed to Kristy McTaggart.
2.02 Atlantic
Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) Surface Drifters
The
Global Drifter Center at NOAA/AOML requests drifter deployments on an ancillary
basis. The drifters are small, easily
deployed devices that are tracked by ARGOS and provide Sea Surface Temperature
(SST) and mixed layer currents. The
global array of drifters provides SST ground truth for NOAA’s polar orbiting satellite
AVHRR SST maps. They also provide data
to operational meteorological and ocean models, and research ocean current data
sets.
AOML
drifters are scheduled at the following positions:
03°N, 01°N,
00°, 01°S, 03°S on the 125°W meridian and
03°N, 00°,
03°S on the 140°W meridian
Craig Engler,
NOAA/AOML
Global Drifter
Center,
Tel: (305) 361‑4439
Fax: (305) 361‑4392
E-mail: Craig.Engler@noaa.gov
URL: http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/
2.03 Pacific
Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) Argo Profiling CTD Floats
Eleven Argo
floats are scheduled for deployment on this cruise. Individual deployment positions can be shifted by a degree or so
along the ship track if more convenient.
Each float weighs about 56 lbs.
The boxes weigh about 200 lbs. full and are 82” long x 17” high x 23”
long. Boxes cannot be stored or
transported on their small ends. The
floats are sensitive to high temperatures, so as space for a pair of floats
becomes available on the computer lab rack, it will be desirable to move floats
from the next box to the rack at the earliest convenient time. A manual for float testing and deployment
has been sent to the ship. Float
deployment locations are as follows:
12°N
144°W, 06°N 140°W, 03°N 140°W, 00° 140°W, 02°S 140°W, 05°S 140°W,
08°S
125°W, 06°S 125°W, 02°N 125°W, 12°N 124°W, 25°N 120°W
Argo
float questions should be directed to:
Gregory
Johnson, NOAA/PMEL or Elizabeth Steffen, NOAA/PMEL
Tel: (206)
526-6806 Tel: (206) 526-6747
E-mail: pmel_floats@noaa.gov E-mail: pmel_floats@noaa.gov
2.04 Discreet Gas Sampler
Whole air samples are cryogenically dried and pumped into glass
flasks by an automated system in the computer lab. Following the cruise, the flasks are returned to Princeton
University for analysis by prepaid FEDEX.
Pairs of flasks are collected while the ship is underway at 08°N, 04°N,
00°, 04°S, and 08°S along the 125°W and 140°W lines. Automated sampling cycle is approximately five hours. It is anticipated that the Survey Technician
will perform the maintenance tasks. The
Survey Technician will be shipping the samples back to Princeton University.
The contact for this project is:
Michael
Bender
Princeton
University
Tel:
(609) 258-2936
E-mail:
bender@geo.princeton.edu
2.05 Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) Analysis
A
0.5 liter sea water sample from surface CTD casts will be taken and stored for
later dissolved inorganic carbon analysis.
Sample jars and Scripps Institute of Oceanography will provide sample
jars and mercury chloride solution. It
is anticipated that the Survey Technician, together with embarked scientific
personnel will take the samples. A
small bench-top drill press is installed on the ship to assist with the bottle
capping process. Samples will be
collected when the ship docks in San Diego, California.
The
contacts for this project are:
Dr. Andrew
Dickson Dr. Richard Feely
Scripps
Institution of Oceanography NOAA/PMEL
University of
California, San Diego 7600 Sand Point Way NE
Room 203 –
Vaughan Hall Seattle,
Washington 98115
8675 Discovery
Way
La Jolla, California
92037
Tel: (858)
534-2582 Tel: (206) 526-6214
Email: adickson@ucsd.edu E-mail: Richard.A.Feely@noaa.gov
2.06 TAO-CO2
Moorings
The
carbon group at PMEL has mounted sensors on moored buoys within the TAO Array
to provide high-resolution time-series measurements of atmospheric boundary
layer and surface ocean CO2
partial pressure (pCO2). These data are used to evaluate the temporal
variability in air-sea CO2
fluxes and to assist in examining the mechanisms controlling CO2 fluxes.
The pCO2
systems will be replaced at 00° 125°W and 00° 140°W.
Project
contacts:
Dr. Chris
Sabine, NOAA/PMEL Dr.
Richard Feely, NOAA/PMEL
7600 Sand
Point Way NE 7600
Sand Point Way NE
Seattle,
Washington 98115 Seattle, Washington 98115
Tel: (206)
526-4809 Tel: (206) 526-6214
E-mail: Chris.Sabine@noaa.gov E-mail: Richard.A.Feely@noaa.gov
2.07 Nitrate
N and Oxygen Isotope Analysis
At
00° 125°W and 00° 140°W, a 50-ml seawater sample from surface CTD casts will be
taken and stored for later Nitrate N and Oxygen isotope analysis. Sample jars will be provided by Scripps
Institute of Oceanography. It is
anticipated that the Survey Technician, together with other embarked scientific
personnel will take the samples. Samples will be frozen in the MBARI freezer
and will be collected at the conclusion of this cruise in San Diego,
California.
The
contact for this project is:
Patrick Rafter
Scripps
Institute of Oceanography
– UCSD
9500 Gilman
Drive
Dept 0208
La Jolla,
California 92093
E-mail: prafter@insci14.ucsd.edu
2.08 Tuna Migration Study
Tissue
samples for chemical analysis will be taken from barnacles and fish caught
during Leg 2 of the cruise. Tissue
samples will be taken as opportunities arise during standard TAO operations.
The
contact for this project is:
Brittany
Graham
Department
of Oceanography
University
of Hawaii
1000
Pope Road - MSB 308
Honolulu,
Hawaii 96822
Tel:
(808) 956-5961
E-mail: grahamb@hawaii.edu
3.0 HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
NOAA Ship KA’IMIMOANA
will operate in full compliance with all environmental compliance requirements
imposed by NOAA. All hazardous
materials/substances needed to carry out the objectives of the embarked science
mission, including ancillary tasks, are the direct responsibility of the embarked
designated Chief Scientist, whether or not that Chief Scientist is using them
directly. NOAA Ship KA’IMIMOANA
Environmental Compliance Officer will work with the Chief Scientist to ensure
that this management policy is properly executed, and that any problems are
brought promptly to the attention of the Commanding Officer.
3.1 Material
Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
All
hazardous materials require a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Copies of all MSDS’s shall be forwarded to
the ship at least two weeks prior to sailing.
The Chief Scientist shall have copies of each MSDS available when the hazardous
materials are loaded aboard. Hazardous
material for which the MSDS is not provided will not be loaded aboard.
3.2 HAZMAT
Inventory
The
Chief Scientist will complete a local inventory form, provided by the
Commanding Officer, indicating the amount of each material brought onboard, and
for which the Chief Scientist is responsible.
This inventory shall be updated at departure, accounting for the amount
of material being removed, as well as the amount consumed in science operations
and the amount being removed in the form of waste.
3.3 HAZMAT
Locker
The
ship’s dedicated HAZMAT Locker contains two 45-gallon capacity flammable
cabinets and one 22-gallon capacity flammable cabinet, plus some available
storage on the deck. Unless there are
dedicated storage lockers (meeting OSHA/NFPA standards) in each van, all
HAZMAT, except small amounts for ready use, must be stored in the HAZMAT
Locker.
3.4 HAZMAT
Spill Response
The
scientific party, under the supervision of the Chief Scientist, shall be
prepared to respond fully to emergencies involving spills of any mission
HAZMAT. This includes providing
properly-trained personnel for response, as well as the necessary neutralizing
chemicals and clean-up materials.
Ship’s personnel are not first responders and will act in a support role
only, in the event of a spill.
3.5 Responsibilities
The
Chief Scientist is directly responsible for the proper handling, both administrative
and physical, of all scientific party hazardous wastes. No liquid wastes shall be introduced into
the ship’s drainage system. No solid
waste material shall be placed in the ship’s garbage.
3.6 Ancillary Projects Hazardous Materials
1.
Acetone 12
Liters MBARI
2. Hydrochloric Acid (HCL) 6 Liters MBARI
3. Mercuric Chloride solution 400 ML Scripps/PMEL
4. Mercuric Chloride powder 30 g Scripps/PMEL
5. CO2 cylinder 2-AL30 PMEL
6. LithX 1-Pail PMEL
Appendices:
B.
Trackline
C.
Mooring
Equipment Weight List