KEO

Kuroshio Extension Observatory (32.3°N, 144.5°E)

The NOAA Kuroshio Extension Observatory (KEO) moored buoy is located in the recirculation gyre south of the Kuroshio Extension at 32.4°N, 144.6°E . It is an Ocean Climate Station (OCS) mooring that is part of the global network of OceanSITES time series reference sites.  KEO's first deployment was in June 2004. The mooring carries a suite of meteorological sensors to measure winds, air temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, and solar and longwave radiation; subsurface sensors to monitor upper ocean temperature, salinity, and currents; as well as the MAPCO2 sensor.

On July 11, 2011, a surface seawater pH sensor was added to the KEO mooring. By measuring pH in addition to pCO2, we are able to more accurately and precisely study the changes associated with ocean acidification. All seawater pH observations are shown in the second figure below.

For more information about the mooring and meteorological sensors please visit the PMEL OCS KEO Website.

Finalized Data availability: submitted to Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC).

Plots of surface water and atmospheric CO2:

Plot of CO2 at KEO from the last 30 days Plot of pH data for the last 30 days at KEO Plot of CO2 at KEO for the full data set Plot of pH data for the full data set at KEO
Data are unverified
Plot of CO2 data at KEO from the last 30 days